Optimum content of Nafion ionomer for the fabrication of MEAs in PEMFCs with spray-coated Pt/CNT electrodes

Choi, Seong‐Ho; Jung, Dong‐Won; Yoon, Shin-Eui; Park, Soon; Oh, Eun‐Suok; Kim, Junbom

doi:10.1007/s12540-011-1019-x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…1 and Table 1. According to previous reports 61 , the ionomer content is highly dependent on the catalyst surface area. All Pt catalyst surfaces should be wrapped by the Nafion® ionomer for efficient three-phase interfaces, and then the ionomer can maintain its network with the catalyst 9 .…”

Section: Performance and Durability Of The Pemfc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Synthesis of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles into carbon supports by fluidized bed reactor atomic layer deposition to boost PEMFC performance

et al. 2020

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The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) depends on the controlled size, dispersion and density of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) on carbon supports, which are strongly affected by the carbon characteristics and fabrication methods. Here, we demonstrated a high-performance Pt/carbon catalyst for PEMFCs using fluidized bed reactor atomic layer deposition (FBR-ALD) that was realized by an effective matching of the carbon supports for the FBR-ALD process and an optimization of the ionomer content during the preparation of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). For this, the synthesis of Pt NPs was conducted on two porous supports (Vulcan XC-72R and functionalized carbon) by FBR-ALD. The functionalized carbon possessed a higher surface area with a large pore volume, abundant defects in a disordered structure and a large number of oxygen functional groups compared to those of the well-known Vulcan carbon. The favorable surface characteristics of the functionalized carbon for nucleation produced Pt particles with an increased uniformity and density and a narrow size range, which led to a higher electrochemical surface area (ECSA) than that of Pt/Vulcan carbon and commercial Pt/carbon. The PEMFC test of the respective Pt/carbon samples was investigated, and highly dense and uniform Pt/functionalized-carbon showed the highest performance through optimization of the higher ionomer content compared to that for the ALD Pt growth on Vulcan carbon and commercial Pt/carbon. In addition, the Pt catalyst using ALD demonstrated a significant long-term stability for the PEMFC. This finding demonstrates the remarkable advantages of FBR-ALD for the fabrication of Pt/carbon and the ability of functionalized carbon supports to achieve a high PEMFC efficiency and an enhanced durability.

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Section: Performance and Durability Of The Pemfc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Synthesis of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles into carbon supports by fluidized bed reactor atomic layer deposition to boost PEMFC performance

et al. 2020

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“…The ionomer content of Pt/CNTs was lower than that of Pt/C. 394 In the case of the Pt/carbon nanofilament catalyst, 395 the ionomer/carbon ratio was 0.14, which was the lowest value. This result indicates that the thinner ionomer film caused by the lower content led to a decrease in the ion and mass transfer distance.…”

Section: Strategies Used To Improve the Performance Of Real-life Fuel...mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Effect of the Ionomer Content. The optimum content of the ionomer depends on the type of support used, for example, CB, 131,390,392,393 CNTs, 394 nanofilaments, 395 and ordered mesoporous carbon. 391 Therefore, the investigation of the ionomer content that is suitable for various kinds of Pt catalysts is important toward maximizing the ionic conductivity, catalyst utilization, and mass transport in the catalyst layer.…”

Section: Strategies Used To Improve the Performance Of Real-life Fuel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…392 Unlike conventional Pt/C catalysts, various Pt catalysts with different carbon supports showed different optimal ionomer contents due to the characteristics of the carbon support used. Choi et al 394 investigated the effect of the ionomer content on the Pt/CNTs catalyst under the fully humidified condition. For the Pt/CNTs catalyst, the optimal content was 20−25 wt %, which is lower than that for the Pt/C catalyst.…”

Section: Strategies Used To Improve the Performance Of Real-life Fuel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in the Electrochemical Performance of Pt-Based Catalysts Used for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells in Liquid Half- and Full-Cells

et al. 2021

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A substantial amount of research effort has been directed toward the development of Pt-based catalysts with higher performance and durability than conventional polycrystalline Pt nanoparticles to achieve high-power and innovative energy conversion systems. Currently, attention has been paid toward expanding the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of catalysts and increase their intrinsic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, despite innumerable efforts having been carried out to explore this possibility, most of these achievements have focused on the rotating disk electrode (RDE) in half-cells, and relatively few results have been adaptable to membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) in full-cells, which is the actual operating condition of fuel cells. Thus, it is uncertain whether these advanced catalysts can be used as a substitute in practical fuel cell applications, and an improvement in the catalytic performance in real-life fuel cells is still necessary. Therefore, from a more practical and industrial point of view, the goal of this review is to compare the ORR catalyst performance and durability in half- and full-cells, providing a differentiated approach to the durability concerns in half- and full-cells, and share new perspectives for strategic designs used to induce additional performance in full-cell devices.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, Choi et al [27] reported optimal Nafion ionomer content in MEAs using CNTs to be less than equivalent to the use in carbon black supported catalyst based on fuel cell performance. They explained briefly that this is because of the less surface area and porosity of CNTs compared to CB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers and surface treatment studies

Andersen

Borghei

Dhiman

et al. 2014

Carbon

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Optimum content of Nafion ionomer for the fabrication of MEAs in PEMFCs with spray-coated Pt/CNT electrodes

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Synthesis of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles into carbon supports by fluidized bed reactor atomic layer deposition to boost PEMFC performance

Synthesis of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles into carbon supports by fluidized bed reactor atomic layer deposition to boost PEMFC performance

Differences in the Electrochemical Performance of Pt-Based Catalysts Used for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells in Liquid Half- and Full-Cells

Interaction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers and surface treatment studies

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