Optimizing tool diameter for friction stir welded brass/steel lap joint

Gao, Y.; Nakata, Kohei; Nagatsuka, Kimiaki; Shibata, Yasuyuki; Amano, Masaharu

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.09.029

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Meran [30] reported that copper and copper alloys have been successfully manufactured via the FSW method. Gao et al [31] investigated the properties of dissimilar lap joints of commercial brass (CuZn40) to plain carbon steel (S25C) by considering the welding speed effect using the FSW method. The results showed that the grain size, hardness at the stirred zone, and tensile shear fracture load of the joints were significantly changed when the welding speed were varied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to brass (Cu-Zn alloy), it demonstrates high strength, plasticity, high hardness, and good corrosion resistance, which makes brass suitable to be used as structural materials in many industrial applications [32]. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to clad brass to steel by fusion welding because of the strength loss in the fusion zone due to the evaporation of Zn, as well as the large differences in the thermal physical properties between brass and steel, such as melting point, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient [31]. To handle this problem, friction welding as a solid-state welding process has been employed in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most brasses are not normally ranked as heat-treatable; some brasses are cast or hot-worked in the duplex α/β state and then annealed at about 450 • C to convert the microstructure into a single phase of better resistance to corrosion [35]. Due to the relative high temperature associated with FSSW of brass, recrystallization accompanied with microsegregation leading to separation of β-phase takes place [31], which leads to some softening. This behavior could be avoided either by applying proper stirring speed [31] or by postweld heat treatment [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the relative high temperature associated with FSSW of brass, recrystallization accompanied with microsegregation leading to separation of β-phase takes place [31], which leads to some softening. This behavior could be avoided either by applying proper stirring speed [31] or by postweld heat treatment [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective Range of FSSW Parameters for High Load-Carrying Capacity of Dissimilar Steel A283M-C/Brass CuZn40 Joints

et al. 2022

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In the current study, a 2 mm thick low-carbon steel sheet (A283M—Grade C) was joined with a brass sheet (CuZn40) of 1 mm thickness using friction stir spot welding (FSSW). Different welding parameters including rotational speeds of 1000, 1250, and 1500 rpm, and dwell times of 5, 10, 20, and 30 s were applied to explore the effective range of parameters to have FSSW joints with high load-carrying capacity. The joint quality of the friction stir spot-welded (FSSWed) dissimilar materials was evaluated via visual examination, tensile lap shear test, hardness test, and macro- and microstructural investigation using SEM. Moreover, EDS analysis was applied to examine the mixing at the interfaces of the dissimilar materials. Heat input calculation for the FSSW of steel–brass was found to be linearly proportional with the number of revolutions per spot joint, with maximum heat input obtained of 11 kJ at the number of revolutions of 500. The temperature measurement during FSSW showed agreement with the heat input dependence on the number of revolution. However, at the same revolutions of 500, it was found that the higher rotation speed of 1500 rpm resulted in higher temperature of 583 °C compared to 535 °C at rotation speed of 1000 rpm. This implies the significant effect for the rotation speed in the increase of temperature. The macro investigations of the friction stir spot-welded joints transverse sections showed sound joints at the different investigated parameters with significant joint ligament between the steel and brass. FSSW of steel/brass joints with a number of revolutions ranging between 250 to 500 revolutions per spot at appropriate tool speed range (1000–1500 rpm) produces joints with high load-carrying capacity from 4 kN to 7.5 kN. The hardness showed an increase in the carbon steel (lower sheet) with maximum of 248 HV and an increase of brass hardness at mixed interface between brass and steel with significant reduction in the stir zone hardness. Microstructural investigation of the joint zone showed mechanical mixing between steel and brass with the steel extruded from the lower sheet into the upper brass sheet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effective Range of FSSW Parameters for High Load-Carrying Capacity of Dissimilar Steel A283M-C/Brass CuZn40 Joints

et al. 2022

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“…Gao et al [26] reported that the pin design had more effect on the tensile shear load than the shoulder design in a lap joint configuration. The tensile shear load was increased by increasing the pin diameter by improving the joint width.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pin Length and Rotation Speed on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Lap Joints of AZ31B-H24 Mg Alloy and AA6061-T6 Al Alloy

Bandi

Bakshi

2020

Metall Mater Trans A

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In the present work, friction stir welding of 3-mm-thick AA6061-T6 Al alloy and AZ31B-H24 Mg alloy sheets was carried out in lap configuration with Al alloy on top. Experiments were carried out by varying the pin length (3.25, 3.75, and 4.25 mm) and tool rotation speed (600, 800, and 1000 RPM). Microstructures of the joint cross-section revealed the presence of a compound intermetallic layer along the interface consisting of Al-rich (Al 3 Mg 2) intermetallic compound near the Al alloy side, and Mg-rich intermetallic compound (Mg 17 Al 12) near the Mg alloy side. The formation of a eutectic mixture of Mg solid solution and Mg 17 Al 12 was observed at the hook on either side. Two modes of failure were observed; Mode 1 through the interface and Mode 2 due to failure of the sheet. The Mode 1 failure strengths obtained were the highest (148 ± 6 N/mm) compared to the literature and were obtained for the 3.25 and 3.75 mm pin at 800 RPM. A lap shear strength of 212 ± 6 N/mm was obtained with 4.25 mm pin length at 600 RPM, which is the highest reported so far and was attributed to Mode 2 failure. The effect of interface pull-up, angle of the interface at the advancing side, and distribution of intermetallic compounds on the lap-shear strength are discussed.

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Parameter Design and Analysis in Friction Welding of Brass Material Using Grey Relational Analysis

Shanjeevi

Thamilarasan

Balaji

2018

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Optimizing tool diameter for friction stir welded brass/steel lap joint

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Effective Range of FSSW Parameters for High Load-Carrying Capacity of Dissimilar Steel A283M-C/Brass CuZn40 Joints

Effective Range of FSSW Parameters for High Load-Carrying Capacity of Dissimilar Steel A283M-C/Brass CuZn40 Joints

Effect of Pin Length and Rotation Speed on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Lap Joints of AZ31B-H24 Mg Alloy and AA6061-T6 Al Alloy

Parameter Design and Analysis in Friction Welding of Brass Material Using Grey Relational Analysis

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