Optimizing the preparation conditions of activated carbons from olive cake using KOH activation

Abdel‐Ghani, Nour T.; El-Chaghaby, Ghadir A.; ElGammal, Mohamed H.; Rawash, El-Shaimaa A.

doi:10.1016/s1872-5805(16)60027-6

Cited by 72 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…From the above analysis, it suggests that the KOH modification does not completely change existing groups on the surface of adsorbent CPS; however, after modification, the functional groups favoring metal adsorption, such as the hydroxyl groups, increase greatly, and the adsorption capacity of modified samples (K-Ac) to heavy metals is enhanced significantly. The reason for this may be that the large specific surface area, porous structure, and good adsorption properties of K-Ac are increased and promoted by KOH activation at high temperatures [57,58,59].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Activated Carbon Derived from Prawn Shell and Its Application for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions

Guo

Song

et al. 2019

Materials

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The aim of this study was to optimize the adsorption performance of activated carbon (AC), derived from the shell of Penaeus vannamei prawns, on heavy metal ions. Inexpensive, non-toxic, and renewable prawn shells were subjected to carbonization and, subsequently, KOH-activation to produce nanoporous K-Ac. Carbonized prawn shells (CPS) and nanoporous KOH-activated carbon (K-Ac) from prawn shells were prepared and characterized by FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM, and TEM. The results showed that as-produced K-Ac samples were a porous material with microporous and mesoporous structures and had a high specific surface area of 3160 m2/g, average pore size of about 10 nm, and large pore volume of 2.38 m3/g. Furthermore, batches of K-Ac samples were employed for testing the adsorption behavior of Cd2+ in solution. The effects of pH value, initial concentration, and adsorption time on Cd2+ were systematically investigated. Kinetics and isotherm model analysis of the adsorption of Cd2+ on K-Ac showed that experimental data were not only consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, but also well-described by the quasi-first-order model. Finally, the adsorption behaviors of as-prepared K-Ac were also tested in a ternary mixture of heavy metal ions Cu2+, Cr6+, and Cd2+, and the total adsorption amount of 560 mg/g was obtained.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Activated Carbon Derived from Prawn Shell and Its Application for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions

Guo

Song

et al. 2019

Materials

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“…Currently, the main application of activated carbon lies in the adsorption processes of pollutants in the gas or liquid phases. In fact, activated carbon is in the category of amorphous carbon, which has been chemically improved into a porous structure, mostly microporous with a surface functionality that offers active carbon the properties of excellent materials for the adsorption of various chemical species [43,[172][173][174]. This adsorption phenomenon is due to the existence of van der Waals type physical forces, inducing a higher concentration of the adsorbate at the interface than in the fluid.…”

Section: Application Of Activated Carbon For Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current State of Porous Carbon for Wastewater Treatment

et al. 2020

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Porous materials constitute an attractive research field due to their high specific surfaces; high chemical stabilities; abundant pores; special electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties; and their often higher reactivities. These materials are currently generating a great deal of enthusiasm, and they have been used in large and diverse applications, such as those relating to sensors and biosensors, catalysis and biocatalysis, separation and purification techniques, acoustic and electrical insulation, transport gas or charged species, drug delivery, and electrochemistry. Porous carbons are an important class of porous materials that have grown rapidly in recent years. They have the advantages of a tunable pore structure, good physical and chemical stability, a variable specific surface, and the possibility of easy functionalization. This gives them new properties and allows them to improve their performance for a given application. This review paper intends to understand how porous carbons involve the removal of pollutants from water, e.g., heavy metal ions, dyes, and organic or inorganic molecules. First, a general overview description of the different precursors and the manufacturing methods of porous carbons is illustrated. The second part is devoted to reporting some applications such using porous carbon materials as an adsorbent. It appears that the use of porous materials at different scales for these applications is very promising for wastewater treatment industries.

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“…Conventionally, activated carbon are mostly produced from biomass precursors such as lignocellulosic materials (palm kernel shell, oil palm trunk, olive cake, olive bagasse, oil palm empty fruit bunch, wood, coconut shells, date palm seeds, rice husk etc.) [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 ], different kinds of coal or other sorts of carbon [ 24 , 86 ], etc. ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Based Nanomaterials/Allotropes: A Glimpse of Their Synthesis, Properties and Some Applications

et al. 2018

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Carbon in its single entity and various forms has been used in technology and human life for many centuries. Since prehistoric times, carbon-based materials such as graphite, charcoal and carbon black have been used as writing and drawing materials. In the past two and a half decades or so, conjugated carbon nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, activated carbon and graphite have been used as energy materials due to their exclusive properties. Due to their outstanding chemical, mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, carbon nanostructures have recently found application in many diverse areas; including drug delivery, electronics, composite materials, sensors, field emission devices, energy storage and conversion, etc. Following the global energy outlook, it is forecasted that the world energy demand will double by 2050. This calls for a new and efficient means to double the energy supply in order to meet the challenges that forge ahead. Carbon nanomaterials are believed to be appropriate and promising (when used as energy materials) to cushion the threat. Consequently, the amazing properties of these materials and greatest potentials towards greener and environment friendly synthesis methods and industrial scale production of carbon nanostructured materials is undoubtedly necessary and can therefore be glimpsed as the focal point of many researchers in science and technology in the 21st century. This is based on the incredible future that lies ahead with these smart carbon-based materials. This review is determined to give a synopsis of new advances towards their synthesis, properties, and some applications as reported in the existing literatures.

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Optimizing the preparation conditions of activated carbons from olive cake using KOH activation

Cited by 72 publications

References 16 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Activated Carbon Derived from Prawn Shell and Its Application for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Activated Carbon Derived from Prawn Shell and Its Application for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions

Current State of Porous Carbon for Wastewater Treatment

Carbon-Based Nanomaterials/Allotropes: A Glimpse of Their Synthesis, Properties and Some Applications

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