Optimizing the PMCC Algorithm for Infrasound and Seismic Nuclear Treaty Monitoring

Runco, Anthony M; Louthain, James A.; Clauter, Dean A.

doi:10.4236/oja.2014.44020

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…One of the most widely methods used to analyze infrasonic waves is the Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation (PMCC). This is the underground and atmospheric detection method of choice for IMS monitoring community that seeks to ensure compliance with CTBT (Runco Jr. et al, 2014). PMCC algorithm was originally designed by Cansi (1995) for seismic arrays and proved to be efficient at detecting low-amplitude, coherent infrasonic signals within incoherent noise.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary analysis of infrasound generated by the meteoroid explosion over Japan on November 29, 2020 detected by IMS stations

2021

Proceeding of the 17th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical

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The explosive fragmentation of large meteoroids is one of the strongest sources of infrasonic waves. In the absence of nuclear tests since 1980, bolide explosions are now the strongest infrasound sources available to calibrate and test the sensitivity of the International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound instruments. Besides, it is important to detect meteoroid explosions using infrasound arrays to estimate their potential destruction and the frequency of occurrence. In order to extract wave attributes that may be used to test the sensitivity of IMS instruments, we applied the Progressive Multi-Channel Cross-correlation (PMCC) to the infrasound records generated by the meteoroid explosion over Japan on November 29, 2020. We obtained reliable results for only two stations: I30JP (Japan) and I45RU (Russia). The PMCC algorithm returned one family of 107 pixels with a mean backazimuth of 243.3 ± 1.3º for I30JP and 344 pixels with 160.6 ± 1.0º for I45RU. The meteoroid explosion was located near to Shingu, Japan, with a yield of less than 1 kt, which suggests that events generating energies < 1 kt should be detected by IMS.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PMCC allows detected signals to be grouped based on their similarities into families, which can be used to distinguish infrasonic sources (Taisne et al, 2019). This processing is performed consecutively in several frequency bands and in adjacent time windows covering the whole signal (Cansi, 1995;Cansi and Klinger, 1997;Runco Jr. et al, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary analysis of infrasound generated by the meteoroid explosion over Japan on November 29, 2020 detected by IMS stations

2021

Proceeding of the 17th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical

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“…The wavefront parameters of coherent plane waves are derived from cross-correlation functions and the arrival time delays between the sensor triplets of an array (Cansi, 1995); therefore at least three sensors need to be available. We use a consistency threshold of 0.1 s, which is in the range recommended by Runco Jr. et al (2014). If more sensors are progressively incorporated (generally from the inside to the outside of an array), then the precision of the estimated parameters is refined while initial false detections (e.g., subscale correlated noise) can be discarded; overall, the localization accuracy increases with increasing array aperture (Cansi, 1995;Cansi and Le Pichon, 2008).…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, standard thresholds for grouping pixels have not been specified, and threshold choices are a tradeoff between the probability of detection and the false alarm rate (e.g., Runco Jr. et al, 2014). The chosen minimum of 10 can be justified by significance in order to consider as many arrivals as possible (e.g., Che et al, 2019).…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Monitoring System infrasound data products for atmospheric studies and civilian applications

Hupe¹,

Ceranna²,

Pichon

et al. 2022

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. The International Monitoring System (IMS) was established in the late 1990s for verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). Upon completion, 60 infrasound stations distributed over the globe will monitor the Earth's atmosphere for low-frequency pressure waves. In this study, we present advanced infrasound data products of the 53 currently certified IMS infrasound stations for atmospheric studies and civilian applications. For this purpose, 18 years of raw IMS infrasound waveform data (2003–2020) were reprocessed using the Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation (PMCC) method. A one-third octave frequency band configuration between 0.01 and 4 Hz was chosen to run this array-processing algorithm which detects coherent infrasound waves within the background noise. From the comprehensive detection lists, four products were derived for each of the certified 53 IMS infrasound stations. The four products cover different frequency ranges and are provided at the following different temporal resolutions: a very low-frequency set (0.02–0.07 Hz, 30 min; https://doi.org/10.25928/bgrseis_bblf-ifsd, Hupe et al., 2021a), two so-called microbarom frequency sets – covering both the lower (0.15–0.35 Hz, 15 min; https://doi.org/10.25928/bgrseis_mblf-ifsd, Hupe et al., 2021b) and a higher (0.45–0.65 Hz, 15 min; https://doi.org/10.25928/bgrseis_mbhf-ifsd, Hupe et al., 2021c) part – named after the dominant ambient noise of interacting ocean waves that are quasi-continuously detected at IMS stations, and observations with center frequencies of 1 to 3 Hz (5 min), called the high-frequency product (https://doi.org/10.25928/bgrseis_bbhf-ifsd, Hupe et al., 2021d). Within these frequency ranges and time windows, the dominant repetitive signal directions are summarized. Along with several detection parameters, calculated quantities for assessing the relative quality of the products are provided. The validity of the data products is demonstrated through example case studies of recent events that produced infrasound detected at IMS infrasound stations and through a global assessment and summary of the products. The four infrasound data products cover globally repeating infrasound sources such as ocean ambient noise or persistently active volcanoes, which have previously been suggested as sources for probing the winds in the middle atmosphere. Therefore, our infrasound data products open up the IMS observations also to user groups who do not have unconstrained access to IMS data or who are unfamiliar with infrasound data processing using the PMCC method. These types of data products could potentially serve as a basis for volcanic eruption early warning systems in the future.

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Infrasound Signal Detection: Re-examining the Component Parts that Makeup Detection Algorithms

Marcillo

Arrowsmith

Charbit

et al. 2018

Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies

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Optimizing the PMCC Algorithm for Infrasound and Seismic Nuclear Treaty Monitoring

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Preliminary analysis of infrasound generated by the meteoroid explosion over Japan on November 29, 2020 detected by IMS stations

Preliminary analysis of infrasound generated by the meteoroid explosion over Japan on November 29, 2020 detected by IMS stations

International Monitoring System infrasound data products for atmospheric studies and civilian applications

Infrasound Signal Detection: Re-examining the Component Parts that Makeup Detection Algorithms

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