Optimizing Temperature Treatment of Copper Hollow Fibers for the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO

Hummadi, Khalid Khazzal; Sustronk, Anne; Kaş, Recep; Benes, Nieck Edwin; Mul, Guido

doi:10.3390/catal11050571

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, three-dimensional hollow fiber electrodes with a compact structure exhibit promising potentials in efficient and high-rate CO 2 electroreduction by virtue of improved mass transport 17 – 21 . To date, the hollow fiber electrodes still deliver too limited current densities (≤200 mA ∙ cm −2 ) to afford an economically viable CO 2 electrochemical conversion 19 , 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical micro/nanostructured silver hollow fiber boosts electroreduction of carbon dioxide

Chen

Dong

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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Efficient conversion of CO2 to commodity chemicals by sustainable way is of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality. Although considerable progress has been made in CO2 utilization, highly efficient CO2 conversion with high space velocity under mild conditions remains a challenge. Here, we report a hierarchical micro/nanostructured silver hollow fiber electrode that reduces CO2 to CO with a faradaic efficiency of 93% and a current density of 1.26 A · cm−2 at a potential of −0.83 V vs. RHE. Exceeding 50% conversions of as high as 31,000 mL · gcat−1 · h−1 CO2 are achieved at ambient temperature and pressure. Electrochemical results and time-resolved operando Raman spectra demonstrate that enhanced three-phase interface reactions and oriented mass transfers synergistically boost CO production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical micro/nanostructured silver hollow fiber boosts electroreduction of carbon dioxide

Chen

Dong

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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“…[85] The preparation method of Cu fibers can affect their performance leaving a lot of room for improvement. [86,87] The formation of CO was further investigated on Au and Ni coated Cu, [88] SnO2 coated carbon, [89] and Bi-based zeolite coated Ni [90] hollow fibers.…”

Section: Hollow Fiber Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of hollow fiber electrodes for green ammonia formation

Krzywda

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The nitrogen cycle is within the most important biogeochemical cycles on Earth due to nitrogen being the key element for all forms of life in the form of nucleic acids, amino acids, vitamins, and hormones. Although N2 is widely available in the atmosphere, it cannot be easily used due to its high stability. Therefore nitrogen needs to be activated to become more accessible to consecutive chemical processes, and usually, nitrogen is activated to form ammonia. In nature, microorganisms containing enzyme nitrogenase can do that, which results in 120 million tons of fixed nitrogen becoming available to the biosphere. [4] However, natural fixation does not meet the demand for nitrogen in our developing world.Recently, ammonia is also considered as a possible energy carrier. [12] It contains 17.6 wt.% hydrogen which in combination with easier storage compared to H2, can work as carbonfree hydrogen storage. [13] Additionally, it was proposed to use NH3 as fuel in combustion engines where only water and nitrogen can be formed as end products. [14] Also, the use of ammonia in fuel cells for electricity generation was proposed. [15] Ammonia production on an industrial scale Currently, industrial ammonia synthesis is based on the Haber-Bosch process. The possibility of ammonia formation from N2 and H2 was demonstrated by Fritsch Haber in 1908 and the idea was transformed into an industrial process by Carl Bosch. In 1913, the first plant was launched by BASF in Germany with a capacity of 30 ton/day of NH3. [16] 3𝐻 2 + 𝑁 2 ⇋ 2𝑁𝐻 3 Δ𝐻 0 = −92.4 𝑘𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1(1.1)The reaction (1.1) requires relatively harsh conditions to achieve sufficient performance. A high temperature is required to break the very stable N≡N bond which allows for nitrogen dissociation. This step is considered the rate-determining step in ammonia synthesis. However, since the reaction is exothermic, a high temperature favors ammonia decomposition (based on Le Chatelier's principle). For this reason, high pressure is applied which allows to shift the reaction equilibrium towards ammonia. The operational temperature and pressure depend on the catalyst used but typically are in the range of 350 to 550 °C and 100 to 300 bar. [17] The energy of binding nitrogen to the catalyst surface determines its activity for ammonia synthesis. A high binding strength/energy will promote nitrogen dissociation but will limit ammonia desorption after the reaction. On the other hand, when the metal binds nitrogen too weakly, limitations in N2 dissociation can occur which will result in low activity. Based on the volcano plot, metals with intermediate binding strength can be found. [18] The most common catalyst commercially used in the Haber-Bosch process is an iron-based catalyst with the addition of multiple promoters in the form of Al2O3, MgO, and SiO2, which act as structural promoters as well as CaO and K2O as electronic promoters. [19] Other, less common but still used on the industrial scale, is the ruthenium-based catalyst on a carbon support. Although Ru shows ...

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“…Hence, a second adjustment to the H2 treatment was performed, attempting to reduce H2 embrittlement by lowering the exposure of the fibres to H2 even more. With the onset temperature for copper oxide hollow fibre reduction being approximately 200 °C, [97] the samples are also able to react with H2 during heating and cooling of the oven. To decrease the amount of reaction time, the samples were allowed to cool under argon flow.…”

Section: H 2 Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note that the H2 treatment, as well as the dry-wet spinning and thermal treatment determine the final appearance of the porous copper electrocatalyst in their own way(s). In this respect, Hummadi et al [97] show that there is a preferable…”

Section: H 2 Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical CO2 conversion with a flow-through copper hollow fibre: A process parameter evaluation

Sustronk

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An introduction to electrochemical CO 2 conversion and copper hollow fibre electrodes 1.1 Adding to the carbon cycle Being one of the main resources for plants and trees, carbon dioxide (CO2) acts as a building block for life on planet earth. [1] The supply of CO2 to the earth's atmosphere occurs through combustion of carbon containing species in the presence of air. Take the human body as an example, where carbon containing foods are taken in and combusted together with oxygen to yield energy and CO2. This CO2 is emitted to the atmosphere through breathing. In the many years that planet earth exists, a delicate cycle between CO2 supply and demand has evolved.In man-made combustion processes, carbon containing species are also combusted in the presence of air. These processes provide for energy, amongst others, and heavily rely on fossil-based fuels. [2] Utilization of these fossil-based carbon sources adds carbon to the atmosphere that was long stored in the earth's crust. The carbon cycle evolved to process a certain amount of CO2 each year, and the emission of additional fossilderived CO2 results in accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. [1]

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Optimizing Temperature Treatment of Copper Hollow Fibers for the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Hierarchical micro/nanostructured silver hollow fiber boosts electroreduction of carbon dioxide

Hierarchical micro/nanostructured silver hollow fiber boosts electroreduction of carbon dioxide

Application of hollow fiber electrodes for green ammonia formation

Electrochemical CO2 conversion with a flow-through copper hollow fibre: A process parameter evaluation

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