Optimizing Procedures for Antioxidant Phenolics Extraction from Skin and Kernel of Peanuts with Contrasting Levels of Drought Tolerance

Abstract

Peanut is an affordable legume known for its nutritional value and phenolic content. The kernel and skin of 14 peanut genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance had their phenolic profiles determined and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity evaluated. Firstly, temperature and % EtOH to extract antioxidant phenolic compounds were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized extraction conditions, 60 °C and 35% EtOH for kernels and 40 °C and 60% EtOH for skins, were further adopted, and phenolic compounds were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). As a result, phenolic acids and glycosidic/non-glycosidic flavonoids were found. Principal component analysis was conducted, and the pairwise score plot of the skin extracts based on individual phenolic compounds showed a trend of genotype clustering based not only on drought tolerance but also on botanical type of germplasm. Therefore, our results demonstrate the status quo for antioxidant phenolic compounds of peanut genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance grown under natural field conditions.

Bioactive compounds of peanut skin in prevention and adjunctive treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases

“…The method of recovery of bioactive compounds from peanut skin is an important factor to be considered in the availability of these compounds, in their use to obtain benefits to human health, as well as the investigation and study of methods that prioritize optimization of the recovery of bioactives, associated with a concern for ecological protection, thus allowing for the application of processes that expand the valuation of peanut by-products. 67,102…”

“…Therefore, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antidyslipidaemic effects and reduction of insulin resistance syndrome changes. 67,79,83,89,102,109,122,127,133,134,143…”

“…The method of recovery of bioactive compounds from peanut skin is an important factor to be considered in the availability of these compounds, in their use to obtain benefits to human health, as well as the investigation and study of methods that prioritize optimization of the recovery of bioactives, associated with a concern for ecological protection, thus allowing for the application of processes that expand the valuation of peanut by-products. 67,102 Phytosterols and polyphenolic compounds are well identified in the composition of peanuts and have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antidyslipidaemic, anticancer, antitumor, antidiabetic and antiviral capacity. 30,33,103 Treatment with the use of high temperatures does not interfere with the content of genistein and biochanin, but allows the identification of trans resveratrol and daidzein mainly in the skin of peanuts after cooking.…”

“…Therefore, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antidyslipidaemic effects and reduction of insulin resistance syndrome changes. 67,79,83,89,102,109,122,127,133,134,143 In general, the main bioactive compounds identified in peanuts and peanut skins are shown in Fig. 2.…”

The SbbHLH041–SbEXPA11 Module Enhances Cadmium Accumulation and Rescues Biomass by Increasing Photosynthetic Efficiency in Sorghum

“…This process leads to the oxidative destruction of the cellular membrane system [40]. In response, plants exhibit both nonenzymatic and enzymatic mechanisms to quench excessive ROS, thereby enhancing resistance to abiotic-stress-associated damage [41]. Cytosolic enzymatic antioxidants, including CAT, POD, and SOD, detoxify ROS [42].…”