Optimizing planning and operation of renewable energy communities with genetic algorithms

Towards Resilient Energy Communities: Evaluating the Impact of Economic and Technical Optimization

“…The energy share 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑑,% ℎ,𝑛 is equal to the ratio of each member's net demand 𝑁𝑒𝑡𝐷 ℎ,𝑛 with respect to the demand of the EC 𝐷 𝑐 ℎ in (20). This can then be multiplied by the EC production 𝑃 𝑐 to obtain 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑀𝑊 ℎ,𝑛 in (21). The actual energy received by each participant is then the self-consumption 𝑆𝑐 ℎ,𝑛 in (22), which is the share in percent 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑑,% ℎ,𝑛 multiplied by the distributed energy 𝑃 𝑑𝑖𝑠,𝑐 ℎ .…”

“…( 23) can then be used to calculate each consumer's rest grid demand by rearranging (14). While 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑀𝑊 ℎ,𝑛 and therefore (21) is not needed for the rest of the calculations, it is an interesting result when comparing it to the actual received self-consumption.…”

“…The possible technological objective functions are more diverse, such as minimizing energy curtailment [18], imports to the EC [19], or battery energy storage system (BESS) degradation [20]. Other objective functions include maximizing self-consumption [21,22] and energy sharing [23]. This reflects the fact that ECs can have a variety of goals other than cost minimization.…”

Relay protection sensitivity integrated optimal placement and capacity of inverter interfaced distributed generators in distribution networks

“…The financial objectives primarily revolve around minimizing costs related to DG construction, DG operation and maintenance cost, power supply cost, and other related expenses [ [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] ]. The researchers in Refs.…”

Renewable energy community design and evaluation according to the Italian regulation

“…A further way to increase the benefits of a REC, especially in the set-up stage, is a targeted selection of its participants. For example, in the analysis performed by Lazzari et al, a subset of 7 users is selected from a set of 128 to create a community in the northern-east Spain that maximizes the self-consumption, minimizes the solar energy excess, and provides the lowest payback period [15].…”