“…When a large-scale disaster occurs, in addition to planning emergency rescue routes, planning emergency evacuation routes is also an essential part of the emergency response process, and route planning for both needs to be performed simultaneously. Chen et al propose a new bi-directional route planning method for emergency rescue and evacuation, considering intelligent obstacle avoidance [20]. A dynamic grid approach refreshes the road network environment in realtime.…”
Section: A Traditional Optimization Algorithmsmentioning
Emergency vehicles (EVs) play an essential role in emergency services. One of the most intuitive indicators of the emergency service process is the response time of EVs. This survey focuses on reviewing the latest traffic control strategies to reduce response time during EV traveling. Firstly, it classifies traffic control strategies into route optimization, signal preemption, lane reservation, and mixed traffic control strategies. Then, a systematic literature review of traffic control strategies in terms of different algorithms is presented. In addition, this survey classifies the articles by objective metrics. In addition to response time, several other objective metrics are summarized. Finally, this survey reviews the limitations of existing emergency traffic control strategies and critically analyzes them. Based on this, it indicates the core problems and proposes potential research areas to be explored.
“…When a large-scale disaster occurs, in addition to planning emergency rescue routes, planning emergency evacuation routes is also an essential part of the emergency response process, and route planning for both needs to be performed simultaneously. Chen et al propose a new bi-directional route planning method for emergency rescue and evacuation, considering intelligent obstacle avoidance [20]. A dynamic grid approach refreshes the road network environment in realtime.…”
Section: A Traditional Optimization Algorithmsmentioning
Emergency vehicles (EVs) play an essential role in emergency services. One of the most intuitive indicators of the emergency service process is the response time of EVs. This survey focuses on reviewing the latest traffic control strategies to reduce response time during EV traveling. Firstly, it classifies traffic control strategies into route optimization, signal preemption, lane reservation, and mixed traffic control strategies. Then, a systematic literature review of traffic control strategies in terms of different algorithms is presented. In addition, this survey classifies the articles by objective metrics. In addition to response time, several other objective metrics are summarized. Finally, this survey reviews the limitations of existing emergency traffic control strategies and critically analyzes them. Based on this, it indicates the core problems and proposes potential research areas to be explored.
“…In addition, those authors highlighted the importance of agent simulation that could contribute to a better decision-making effort. Later, Chen et al [130] proposed an agent-based route planning method, generating a two-way optimum plan, avoiding possible road conflicts of emergency rescue and evacuation. In addition to the route optimization based on risk perception, Rebeeh et al [131] proposed an index-based emergency decision model for the supplementation of emergency resources, reducing the response time and accident risk.…”
The increasing demand for chemical products has driven the construction and development of chemical industrial areas, or so-called ‘chemical industrial parks’ (CIPs), but this has intrinsically raised the risk of major accidents. Therefore, it is significant and urgent to summarize the state of art and research needs in the field of CIP safety. In this paper, a keyword co-occurrence analysis of 116 scientific articles was conducted to support the classification of research topics in this field, then an overview of those research topics was presented to investigate the evolution of safety research with respect to CIPs. Specifically, the way that safety assessments are conducted, as well as how safety management and safety technology in such areas are classified and investigated, followed by detailed descriptions of representative methods and their contributions to CIP safety, are discussed. An integrated safety framework for CIPs is proposed to organize safety approaches and measures systematically. Based on the classification and analysis of studies on management, assessment, and technology related to CIP safety, the research trends and future directions and challenges are discussed and outlined. Those results are useful for improving theoretical method and industrial strategies, and can advance the safety and sustainability development of CIPs.
“…Given the development of computational tools, both hardware and software, nowadays for estimating the effects of accidents can be sued mathematical models, consisting of sets of equations which can describe and predict certain physical phenomena, such as thermal radiation, maximum pressure, direction of projectiles and distances travelled a.s.o. [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”
Nowadays, the transportation of hazardous substances required for various industrial works is a very common activity. In each national economy, safe transport of hazardous materials on land is an important issue. Much of these materials are either moved by trucks or trains. However, hazardous materials transportation is very likely to generate major accidents with irreversible consequences on surrounding population and on the environment along transportation routes. The current paper deals with analysis and simulation of the consequences of an explosion involving a truck transporting flammable gas cylinders materials. Consequence modelling involves the graphic representation or the calculation and estimation of numerical values which best describe the physical results of loss of containment scenarios which involve flammable/explosive/toxic materials with regard to their impact on surrounding assets or people. In the present study, state of the art software has been used for modelling and simulating the accident scenario, namely the initial fire and the subsequent explosion of the gas cylinders.
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