Optimized Li and Fe recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries via a solution-precipitation method

Zheng, Rujuan; Zhao, Li; Wang, Wenhui; Liu, Yuanlong; Ma, Quanxin; Mu, Deying; Li, Ruhong; Dai, Changsong

doi:10.1039/c6ra05477c

Cited by 155 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…When NH 4 OH was used to precipitate iron impurities, as proposed by Zheng et al, amorphous hydrated iron phosphate, FePO 4 •xH 2 O, was obtained [93], which could be restored as olivine FePO 4 after carbothermal treatment. After Li 2 CO 3 was recovered from the purified liquor, Zheng et al resynthesized LFP-C from both precipitates via reducing sintering.…”

Section: Sulfate Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, comparison of reductive or inert thermal treatment process with other type of pretreatment did not lead to a significant enhancement in leaching performance, with most processes reaching more than 95% extraction of Li, Co, Ni, and Mn independent of the pretreatment conditions applied. For the LFP cathode, presence of air would easily oxidize ferrous to ferric, decompose polymer binder, and burn the carbon conductive layer, making Li more accessible for leaching without any oxidizing agent [93]. Jie et al analyzed the thermal decomposition of spent LFP cathodes in the presence of oxygen using TG-DSC and X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS).…”

Section: Removal Of Current Collector and Bindermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reaction was also proposed by Zheng et al, who determined the optimal roasting temperature to be 600 • C resulting in complete decomposition of polymer binder and oxidation of Fe and C coating while avoiding aluminum foil degradation. The sintering product could be easily detached and sorted from Al current collector prior to leaching [93].…”

Section: Removal Of Current Collector and Bindermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress and Status of Hydrometallurgical and Direct Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond

et al. 2020

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An exponential market growth of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) has been observed in the past 20 years; approximately 670,000 tons of LIBs have been sold in 2017 alone. This trend will continue owing to the growing interest of consumers for electric vehicles, recent engagement of car manufacturers to produce them, recent developments in energy storage facilities, and commitment of governments for the electrification of transportation. Although some limited recycling processes were developed earlier after the commercialization of LIBs, these are inadequate in the context of sustainable development. Therefore, significant efforts have been made to replace the commonly employed pyrometallurgical recycling method with a less detrimental approach, such as hydrometallurgical, in particular sulfate-based leaching, or direct recycling. Sulfate-based leaching is the only large-scale hydrometallurgical method currently used for recycling LIBs and serves as baseline for several pilot or demonstration projects currently under development. Conversely, most project and processes focus only on the recovery of Ni, Co, Mn, and less Li, and are wasting the iron phosphate originating from lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. Although this battery type does not dominate the LIB market, its presence in the waste stream of LIBs causes some technical concerns that affect the profitability of current recycling processes. This review explores the current processes and alternative solutions to pyrometallurgy, including novel selective leaching processes or direct recycling approaches.

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Section: Sulfate Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Removal Of Current Collector and Bindermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Removal Of Current Collector and Bindermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress and Status of Hydrometallurgical and Direct Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond

et al. 2020

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“…From the rst generation of spent LiCoO 2 batteries, researchers have paid more attention to valuable metals of Li and Co. Our group also did lots of related research on the recovery and recycling of Li. 34,35 As the recovery technique of lithium is already quite mature and also not our close concern, herein, we did not focus on it. In general, the dissolved Li + was precipitated by adding sodium carbonate and forming lithium carbonate as the raw material for synthesizing new cathode materials.…”

Section: Leaching Metal Elements From Spent Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impurity removal with highly selective and efficient methods and the recycling of transition metals from spent lithium-ion batteries

Peng

et al. 2019

RSC Adv.

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“…Along with reinforced waste LIBs management, lots of scientists have developed series of waste LIBs recycling technologies, in order to recycle valuable materials and eliminate environmental risks. Most of these studies focused on the recovery of cathode materials to obtain high value metals (Bahaloo- Horeh and Mousavi, 2017;Pagnanelli et al, 2017;Zheng et al, 2016Zheng et al, , 2017, while studies on the recycling of anode materials from waste LIBs are relatively few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on management of spent lithium ion batteries and strategy for resource recycling of all components from them

Zhang

et al. 2017

Waste Manag Res

123

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The wide use of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) has brought great numbers of discarded LIBs, which has become a common problem facing the world. In view of the deleterious effects of spent LIBs on the environment and the contained valuable materials that can be reused, much effort in many countries has been made to manage waste LIBs, and many technologies have been developed to recycle waste LIBs and eliminate environmental risks. As a review article, this paper introduces the situation of waste LIB management in some developed countries and in China, and reviews separation technologies of electrode components and refining technologies of LiCoO and graphite. Based on the analysis of these recycling technologies and the structure and components characteristics of the whole LIB, this paper presents a recycling strategy for all components from obsolete LIBs, including discharge, dismantling, and classification, separation of electrode components and refining of LiCoO/graphite. This paper is intended to provide a valuable reference for the management, scientific research, and industrial implementation on spent LIBs recycling, to recycle all valuable components and reduce the environmental pollution, so as to realize the win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits.

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Optimized Li and Fe recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries via a solution-precipitation method

Abstract: A new process is optimized and presented for the recovery and regeneration of LiFePO4 from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).

Cited by 155 publications

References 23 publications

Progress and Status of Hydrometallurgical and Direct Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond

Progress and Status of Hydrometallurgical and Direct Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond

Impurity removal with highly selective and efficient methods and the recycling of transition metals from spent lithium-ion batteries

A review on management of spent lithium ion batteries and strategy for resource recycling of all components from them

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