Optimized fast charging protocol for cylindrical lithium‐ion battery based on constant incremental capacity algorithm

Abstract

Summary Reducing the charging time for electric vehicles (EVs) is considered as a crucial factor to promote consumer interest and improve the competitiveness of EVs in the automotive market. Therefore, the investigation of fast charging protocol becomes increasingly important. In this work, a novel self‐adaptive fast charging protocol for cylindrical lithium‐ion battery is proposed based on constant incremental capacity (dQ/dV) algorithm, the charging current of which is adaptively adjusted by the intrinsic properties of battery. The cycle test results show that the battery using the new fast charging protocol maintains a capacity of about 90% after 1150 cycles, indicating that the proposed charging protocol can improve the cycle life of the battery, while decreasing the charging time. The fatigue analysis has shown that the capacity fade results predominantly from the loss of active lithium ion and degradation of anode. The anode potential evaluation results show that the anode potential is always greater than zero volt with the proposed fast charging protocol, which avoids lithium deposition. Meanwhile, the post‐mortem results of cycled battery indicate that the battery using the proposed charging protocol generate no lithium deposition on anode.

$\eta_{max}$-Charging Strategy for Lithium-Ion Batteries in V2G Applications

“…There is a tremendous literature on charging strategies each targeting an objective which can be studied an compared, similarly. Table I summarizes a comparison including some other strategies such as boost charging [20], universal voltage profile (UVP) [21], and constant incremental capacity dQ/dV [24] which are shown in Fig. 1 (e), (f), and (i), respectively.…”

“…1. Charge strategies of Li-ion Batteries: (a) CCCV [16], (b) CPCV [17], (c) Multistep CCCV [18], (d) Pulse charging [19], (e) Boost Charging [20], (f) universal voltage protocol (UVP) [21], (g) Constant temperature constant voltage (CTCV) [22] , (h) AC-ripple charging [23], (i) constant incremental capacity dQ/dV [24], (j) MPC [25], (k) six-step 10-minute (6S-10M) charging strategy based on machine learning [26], and (l) proposed ηmax. efficiency of the system.…”

“Fast-Charging” Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries from Perspective of Ion Diffusion in Crystal Structure

“…Additionally, the electronics for high voltage fast-charging necessitate rather high strength, which could inflate the expense of manufacturing electric vehicles. High current fast-charging techniques may cause deterioration of the battery attributable to overvoltage or undervoltage. − Consequently, the three-charging modes (constant current precharging, high current constant charging, and constant voltage regulation) attempt to establish safeguards for the battery in the event that fast-charging performance remains relatively unaffected. Besides, several constraints remain to be comprehended in the investigation of fast-charging: (i) Li + diffusion in the cathode and anode materials; (ii) solvation and desolvation of Li + at anode/electrolyte interface (AEI) and cathode/electrolyte interface (SEI); and (iii) Li + transport in the electrolyte phase.…”