Optimized cardiac functional MRI of small-animal models of cancer radiation therapy

Ibrahim, El Sayed H.; Baruah, Dhiraj; Budde, Matthew D.; Rubenstein, Jason; Frei, Anne; Schlaak, Rachel A.; Gore, Elizabeth; Bergom, Carmen

doi:10.1016/j.mri.2020.08.020

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…The rats were imaged on a small-animal 9.4T MRI scanner with a 30-cm bore diameter (Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany) using a 4-element surface coil [ 27 ]. The MRI scan included both long-axis (LAX) and short-axis (SAX) cine and tagged images acquired using fast low-angle shot (FLASH) pulse sequences with both cardiac and respiratory gating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Contractility Pattern Characterization in Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Pilot Study with ContractiX

et al. 2022

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Radiation therapy (RT) plays an integral role in treating thoracic cancers, despite the risk of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. We hypothesize that our newly developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based contractility index (ContractiX) is a sensitive marker for early detection of RT-induced cardiotoxicity in a preclinical rat model of thoracic cancer RT. Adult salt-sensitive rats received image-guided heart RT and were imaged with MRI at 8 weeks and 10 weeks post-RT or sham. The MRI exam included cine and tagging sequences to measure left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mass, myocardial strain, and ContractiX. Furthermore, ventricular torsion, diastolic strain rate, and mechanical dyssynchrony were measured. Statistical analyses were performed between the sham, 8 weeks post-RT, and 10 weeks post-RT MRI parameters. The results showed that both LVEF and myocardial mass increased post-RT. Peak systolic strain and ContractiX significantly decreased post-RT, with a more relative reduction in ContractiX compared to strain. ContractiX showed an inverse nonlinear relationship with LVEF and continuously decreased with time post-RT. While early diastolic strain rate and mechanical dyssynchrony significantly changed post-RT, ventricular torsion changes were not significant post-RT. In conclusion, ContractiX measured via non-contrast MRI is a sensitive early marker for the detection of subclinical cardiac dysfunction post-RT, and it is superior to other MRI cardiac measures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Contractility Pattern Characterization in Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Pilot Study with ContractiX

et al. 2022

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“…Studies utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans have purportedly identified regions that bear resemblance to the mirror neuron framework found in monkeys [8]. These regions are situated closer to Broca's end and in the inferior frontal cortex.…”

Section: Mirror Neuron System: Theoretical Underpinnings the Alternat...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Theoretical Analysis of the Brain and Artificial Intelligence

Pedro

2023

JRS

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Many articles have expounded on and defended the potential advantages of co-robotics (cobots), robotics, AI, and quantum computers in the domains of research and development, clinics, community health and virology. Numerous trailblazers in the domains of artificial intelligence, robotics, and quantum computing have been recognised for their groundbreaking concepts and principles. Among these luminaries are Richard Feynman, Kurt Godel, John Nash, Norbert Wiener, Alan Turing, John von Neumann, Vannevar Bush, and John McCarthy. Theorems formulated by Kurt Godel were misinterpreted by researchers who erroneously equated computer and brain paradigms. Godel himself had recognised this misinterpretation. The individual's commendation of the brain's supremacy over computational systems was met with disapprobation. This article delineates the diverse array of artificial intelligence techniques, frameworks, and programming languages that are developed by humans and can be employed in tandem with contemporary computational systems. These advancements facilitate advancements in the realm of electrons and quantum mechanics. The process of evolution has resulted in the development of neurons in various animal species, which rely on the flow of electrons to carry out their biological functions. The identification of mirror neurons represented a significant shift in the paradigm of neuroscience. The proposed paradigm shift towards the 'hall of mirror neurons' represents a potentially effective approach to studying, warranting further investigation. The aforementioned concepts are instrumental in advancing the field of artificial intelligence and in furthering research on the intricacies of the human brain.

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