Optimized alkali-catalyzed transesterification of wild mustard (<i>Brassica juncea L</i>.) seed oil

Al-Dobouni, Imad A.; Fadhil, Abdelrahman B.; Saeed, Islam K.

doi:10.1080/15567036.2014.1002952

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The density and kinematic viscosity values of the MCSO were comparable with those of rubber seed oil 58 and Ceiba pentandra seed oil 59 and lower than that fixed for C. inophyllum oil 59 . Besides, the refractive index of MCSO was within the established range stated for other NEO (1.466–1.470) 58,60,61 . The high iodine number and low pour point of MCSO disclosed its high content of the unsaturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

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Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Fadhil

2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) seeds were exploited as possible nonedible feedstock for the synthesis of liquid biofuels, namely, biodiesel and bio‐oil via alkali–alcoholysis and pyrolysis routes, respectively. The alkali–alcoholysis reaction of mandarin seed oil with an equivalent mixture of methanol–ethanol alcohols was examined and optimized by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The best experimental yield of biodiesel (95.55 ± 1.55 wt.%) was comparable with the predicted yield (95.0 wt.%). Also, analysis by one‐way ANOVA showed that the selected variables were statistically significant. The 1H NMR spectroscopy asserted the transformation of the oil to biodiesel. Also, the evaluated properties of the biodiesel were in the range given by ASTM D6751 standards. The mandarin citrus seeds have also subjected to the thermal pyrolysis process in a fixed‐bed reactor to obtain bio‐oil and bio‐char. The influence of the pyrolysis temperature, time, feed particle size, and heating rate on the bio‐oil yield was optimized. The highest yield of bio‐oil (52.34 ± 1.25 wt.%) was attained at 475°C for 60 min using 70 mesh particle size of the feed with a heating rate of 20°C/min. The bio‐oil was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H NMR spectroscopy, and ultimate analysis. The bio‐oil derived from MCS has an empirical formula of CH1.88 O0.16 N0.012 S0.0005 with 37.96 MJ/kg of heating value. The elevated carbon level, low oxygen content, and high calorific value (25.45 MJ/kg) of the attained bio‐char suggest its suitability as a solid fuel. Also, the obtained bio‐char can be utilized for preparing carbon adsorbent as a result of its good surface area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…These catalysts are cheap and possess the ability to conduct the alcoholysis reaction in shorter reaction rates 62 . In this study, KOH was employed as a catalyst because it was recommended by many authors 41,61 . The KOH amount has changed from 0.25 to 1.50 during the alcoholysis reaction of MCSO, as illustrated in Figure 2a.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Fadhil

2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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“…Even non-fertile land, uncultivated land, road/field boundaries, disgraced forests, and irrigation canals can be used to produce non-edible oil crops [20]. Considering cost effectiveness, non-edible oil raw materials have been used in the production of biodiesel in various studies, including Croton megalocarpus [21], Prunus dulcis [22], Prunus sibirica [18], Rhazya stricta Decne [23], rubber seed oil [24], Silybum marianum L. [25], wild Brassica Juncea L. [26], etc. However, the challenge remains to produce high-quality biodiesel from cheap and available non-edible sources [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Characterization of Biodiesel Derived from a Novel Source Koelreuteria paniculata Seed Oil

2020

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Biodiesel is a clean and renewable fuel, which is considered as the best alternative to diesel fuel, but the feedstock contributes more than 70% of the cost. The most important constituent essential for biodiesel development is to explore cheap feedstock with high oil content. In this work, we found novel non-edible plant seeds of Koelreuteria paniculata (KP) with high oil contents of 28–30 wt.% and low free fatty acid contents (0.91%), which can serve as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. KP seed oil can convert into biodiesel/fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by base-catalyzed transesterification with the highest biodiesel production of 95.2% after an optimization process. We obtained the optimal transesterification conditions, i.e., oil/methanol ratio (6:1), catalyst concentration (0.32), reaction temperature (65 °C), stirring rate (700 rpm), and reaction time (80 min). The physico-chemical properties and composition of the FAME were investigated and compared with mineral diesel. The synthesized esters were confirmed and characterized by the application of NMR (1H and 13C), FTIR, and GC-MS. The biofuel produced from KP seed oil satisfies the conditions verbalized by ASTM D6751 and EN14214 standards. Accordingly, KP source oil can be presented as a novel raw material for biofuel fabrication.

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“…Subsequently, transesterification was conducted at 60°C and a stirring speed of 300 rpm for one h. The mole ratios of oil to methanol were set to 1:3, 1:6, 1:9, 1:12, and 1:15. These variations of oil: methanol mole ratios were chosen from the previous works conducted by Al-dobouni et al (2016);and Fadhil et al (2017b). They found that the optimum value for the oil: methanol ratio will be in the range value of 1:3 to 1:15.…”

Section: Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high mole ratio of oil to methanol can cause an equilibrium reaction to reverse and recombine with a methyl ester to form monoglycerides, which decrease the biodiesel yield (Fadhil & Abdulahad, 2014;Al-dobouni et al, 2016;Fadhil et al, 2017b). Therefore, 1:6 was determined as the optimal ratio, which was supported by Al-dobouni et al (2016) andFadhil et al (2017b). Multifeedstock biodiesel at 1:3 and 1:6 had yields of 81.96% and 92.99%, respectively.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Multifeedstock Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifeedstock Biodiesel Production from a Blend of Five Oils through Transesterification with Variation of Moles Ratio of Oil: Methanol

Wahyono¹,

Hadiyanto²,

Budihardjo³

et al. 2022

IJTech

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This study was conducted to produce biodiesel from a mixture of 5 different oils i.e, palm oil, used cooking oil, soybean oil, canola oil, and sunflower oil, through transesterification under mole ratio variations of oil: methanol. The oils were mixed at a total volume of 300 mL with the same amount of each oil used. The transesterification of blended oils was conducted at 60°C for 1 h, and the mole ratios of oil: methanol were set to 1:3, 1:6, 1:9, 1:12, and 1:15. The results demonstrated that the mole ratios of 1:6 resulted in the highest yield of 92.99% with the conversion of 99.58% mass. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) results showed that all mole variations had a methyl ester percentage of more than 98% area. The FTIR analysis revealed peaks that indicated the presence of a methyl ester functional group and its long-chain (-R) for all variations. The methyl ester content, Density, acid value, and total glycerol test parameters were in accordance with the quality standards of ASTM D 6751, EN 14214, and SNI 7182-2015. Therefore, multi-feedstock biodiesel suitable for industrial-scale applications was successfully produced in this study.

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Optimized alkali-catalyzed transesterification of wild mustard (Brassica juncea L.) seed oil

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Production and Characterization of Biodiesel Derived from a Novel Source Koelreuteria paniculata Seed Oil

Multifeedstock Biodiesel Production from a Blend of Five Oils through Transesterification with Variation of Moles Ratio of Oil: Methanol

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