Optimization with Taguchi Approach to Prepare Pure TiO2 Thin Films for Future Gas Sensor Application

Doubi, Youssef; Hartiti, Bouchaíb; Siadat, Maryam; Labrim, Hicham; Fadili, Salah; Stitou, Mohamed; Tahri, Mounia; Belfhaili, Amine; Thévenin, Philippe; Losson, Etienne

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09615-6

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The conductivity is a very curial parameter in the performance of gas sensor (high conductivity = high response to gas). [48] We noticed from Table 2, that the resistance and resistivity decrease with increasing of deposition temperature, in front of an increment of Mn 3 O 4 conductivity. This behavior is remarked on several material deposited at different temperatures such as, CZTS [51] and WO 3 .…”

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The resistivity and conductivity of Mn 3 O 4 thin layers investigated have been calculated using the equations from our previous work. [48] The electrical properties show that all our samples have the electrical resistivity in an order to 100 Ω.cm. A similar value of the electrical resistivity for Mn 3 O 4 are reported by M. R. Belkhedkar [49] and by M. S. Anwar et al [50] Table 2 shows the electrical resistance, resistivity and conductivity depending deposition temperature.…”

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn₃O₄ Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

et al. 2023

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The semiconductor realization is a very significant stage in gas sensor application. Herein, the Mn3O4 semiconductor was deposited using chemical spray pyrolysis. The effect of deposition temperature on structural, vibrational optical and electrical Mn3O4 thin layers properties were investigated through: X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV‐visible spectrophotometer, and two points electrometers respectively. The X‐ray diffraction showed the appearance of spinel phase of tetragonal Mn3O4 with strong formation direction along (101) plan and without any secondary phase indicating the formation of pure Mn3O4. The Raman spectroscopy confirmed the results obtained in XRD and certified the high‐quality formation of Mn3O4. In addition, the crystallinity improvement (the increase of crystallite size and the decrease of dislocation density) was caused by the increasing of deposition temperature from 350 °C to 450 °C. Optical properties such as transmittance, absorbance and band gap energy were extracted by UV‐Visible spectrophotometer. Thus, low transmittance, high absorbance and small band gap energy were observed at the highest substrate temperature (450 °C). The electrical conductivity showed good values between 4.83 and 13.89 mS.cm−1. These properties make Mn3O4 an appropriate material to be used as a sensitive layer in gas sensors applications.

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Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn₃O₄ Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

et al. 2023

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“…where D is the crystallite size, λ is the X-ray wavelength of Cu which is 0.15406 nm, θ is the angle of X-ray diffraction, A means the anatase phase of TiO 2 and β is the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peak. The micro-strain (ε) was calculated by the following equation [29] :…”

Section: Structural Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dislocation density (δ) is a micro-structural parameter displays discontinuity and can be seen as a quantum of elemental deformation within a crystal. [29] It is written by…”

Section: Structural Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical validation of experimental properties of TiO₂ prepared through organometallic precursors

Doubi

Hartiti

Siadat

et al. 2023

Applied Organom Chemis

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Our TiO 2 thin films were elaborated using spray pyrolysis technique. The spray solutions were prepared by two titanium precursors: titanium (IV) propoxide and titanium chloride. The elaborated thin films were analyzed with different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy.These characterizations showed that the change of precursors from titanium chloride to titanium propoxide has a significant impact on all TiO 2 properties.The structural characterizations showed the formation of anatase TiO 2 and the crystallization improvement when the precursor changed from titanium chloride to titanium (IV) propoxide, which proves the superiority of our TiO 2 thin layers made without any type of annealing in comparison with other previous studies. The SEM images showed an improvement of the surface quality of the TiO 2 thin layers with the change of TiO 2 precursors' solution. The obtained optical properties confirmed the semiconducting properties of TiO 2 prepared by titanium propoxide with a large band gap equal to 3.28 eV and shifted to 3.18 eV. The refractive index increases from $1.75 to $2.14, while the porosity decreases. To confirm the experimental results, the Wien2K code, founded on the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW), has been used. The theoretical study has been done by applying the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), the modified Beck-Johnson (MBJ) exchange potential, and the local spin density approximation + Hubbard's parameter U (LSDA + U). The theoretical results varied with the variation of approximations. The obtained properties were improved with LSDA + U and acquired the real values of Eg, n, and k for anatase TiO 2 (like Eg = 3.214 eV). The obtained experimental and theoretical results could be considered superposable or better than other ones recently published.

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“…8,9 SMOs are specifically considered due to their low fabrication cost, simple operating principles, miniaturized size, portability, low power consumption, withstanding high chemical environments, high durability, and reproducibility. 7 Binary metal oxide thin films, such as SnO 2 , ZnO, TiO 2 , and Co 3 O 4 , [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] are good candidates for gas sensing application. However, the higher operating temperature, crossselectivity, and reversibility issues hinder the binary metal oxide gas sensors from large-scale applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse and distorted Co₂SnO₄ cubic spinel thin films for dimethylamine detection at room temperature

Nallakumar,

Thirumalaisamy,

Madhanagurusamy

et al. 2023

New J. Chem.

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Optimization with Taguchi Approach to Prepare Pure TiO2 Thin Films for Future Gas Sensor Application

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn₃O₄ Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn₃O₄ Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

Theoretical validation of experimental properties of TiO₂ prepared through organometallic precursors

Inverse and distorted Co₂SnO₄ cubic spinel thin films for dimethylamine detection at room temperature

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Optimization with Taguchi Approach to Prepare Pure TiO2 Thin Films for Future Gas Sensor Application

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn3O4 Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn3O4 Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

Theoretical validation of experimental properties of TiO2 prepared through organometallic precursors

Inverse and distorted Co2SnO4 cubic spinel thin films for dimethylamine detection at room temperature

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Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn₃O₄ Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

Experimental Investigation of Pure Spinel Mn₃O₄ Properties Synthesized through Chemical Spray Pyrolysis for Future Gas Sensor Application

Theoretical validation of experimental properties of TiO₂ prepared through organometallic precursors

Inverse and distorted Co₂SnO₄ cubic spinel thin films for dimethylamine detection at room temperature