Optimization study of purge cycle in proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

Nikiforow, Kaj; Karimäki, Henri; Keränen, Tommi; Ihonen, Jari

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.11.153

Cited by 83 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The unconverted H 2 is recycled back in the anode inlet. Anode purge to prevent inert gases accumulation (mainly due to feed impurities and N 2 crossover from the cathode side) is simulated as a continuous hydrogen loss of 1% of the total hydrogen; this is a conservative assumption (optimized purge can reduce the hydrogen vent below 0.5% [49]) due to the membrane selectivity uncertainties.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performances of a micro-CHP system fed with bio-ethanol based on fluidized bed membrane reactor and PEM fuel cells

Foresti

Manzolini

2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performances of a micro-CHP system fed with bio-ethanol based on fluidized bed membrane reactor and PEM fuel cells

Foresti

Manzolini

2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…Here, we encounter the same problem as in the case of air humidification Equations (15e19). The use of Equation (15) is even more justified in the case of H 2 humidification because the anode recirculation loop does not need to be humidified, only purged, inter alia, to remove the humidity typically accumulating in the loop [6].…”

Section: H 2 -Air Chp Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell efficiency at the stack level

Piela

Mitzel

2015

Journal of Power Sources

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“…A purge strategy is defined by its frequency (ie, purge interval) and duration. The purging can be performed either in static (ie, predetermined fixed values of purge frequency and duration for different current ranges) or dynamic (ie, varying) modes . In the static method, the purging is based on constant values for the frequency and duration that can be for different ranges of fuel cell power outputs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of purge strategies on improving the performance of PEMFC in DEA mode of operation has also been the topic of several recent studies by which different aspects regarding purging have been investigated. Examples are purge strategy at different current densities, the effect of operating conditions such as stack temperature, and the RH of reactants on purge strategy, purge valve sizing, and the effect of water accumulation and nitrogen crossover on purge strategy and fuel cell performance …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEMFC purging at low operating temperatures: An experimental approach

et al. 2019

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SUMMARY In this paper, the effect of operating temperature on optimal purge interval for maximum energy efficiency in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with dead‐ended anode (DEA) was experimentally investigated. The study was conducted with a focus on challenges associated with operation at temperatures lower than the recommended designed temperature. With DEA, gradual voltage drop happens due to the accumulation of water and impurities such as nitrogen. Hence, periodic purging of the anode side is required to remove excess water and impurities that are accumulated at the anode side over time. Short purge intervals increase hydrogen loss that translates into low fuel utilisation, whereas long purge intervals result in voltage drop due to high water and impurity accumulations. Therefore, an optimal purge strategy should be implemented to maximise the stack energy efficiency. Depending on the operating conditions and loads, there are instances that a fuel cell stack operates at temperatures lower than its recommended designed temperature. Considering the temperature effect on the cell water management, operating temperature is an important factor to consider for optimising the purge strategy in PEMFCs. At lower operating temperatures (ie, below 50°C), more water is formed in liquid form, which makes the optimisation of purge strategy more challenging. For a stack temperature of 40°C, it was observed that with an increase in stack current from 0.25 to 0.45 A cm−2, the optimal purge interval decreases from 90 seconds to around 45 seconds, respectively. Increasing the stack temperature from 40°C to 50°C resulted in an increase in the optimal purge interval to 120 seconds and 90 seconds for stack currents of 0.25 (ie, low current density) and 0.45 A cm−2, respectively. At lower operating temperatures, more frequent purging schedules are needed accordingly to remove the liquid water from the cell. These results indicated that at lower operating temperatures, water accumulation at the anode side becomes more dominant compared with higher operating temperatures.

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Optimization study of purge cycle in proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

Cited by 83 publications

References 15 publications

Performances of a micro-CHP system fed with bio-ethanol based on fluidized bed membrane reactor and PEM fuel cells

Performances of a micro-CHP system fed with bio-ethanol based on fluidized bed membrane reactor and PEM fuel cells

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell efficiency at the stack level

PEMFC purging at low operating temperatures: An experimental approach

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