Optimization of transit network layout and headway with a combined genetic algorithm and simulated annealing method

Bus route design with limited travel time

“…The present research is unlike the research by Chakroborty and Wivedi (2002), Zhao and Zeng (2006) and others, who start with the O-D matrix and aim to minimize the average number of transfers and total travel time. This research deals with designing bus routes for an area where the travel time and potential demand along all main streets are given.…”

“…However if the passenger's destinations or starting points in the city cannot be reached by public transport, then passengers will prefer to drive their private cars. Zhao and Zeng (2006) mention that there are three key objectives of good public transport systems. The first is that the passengers can reach their destinations in the shortest time.…”

Modelling and optimization of average travel time for a metro line by simulation and response surface methodology

“…The authors describe sub-problems separately, and then integrate them into a single linear binary integer program so that they can be solved by the standard branch and bound method. Zhao and Zeng (2006) optimization. The objective is to find optimal route network layout and route headways that minimize the overall cost of providing transit services, including both the user cost function based on k-or-less transfer trips, and the corresponding travel time and operator costs.…”

Population-based simulation optimization for urban mass rapid transit networks

“…Most of them also use non-linear models, though Li et al (2013) offer a simulation model. Evolutionary algorithms have already been applied to this kind of problem in similar settings (Zhao and Zeng 2006;Guihaire and Hao 2008;Yu et al 2011), though only a few contributions address time-dependent demand (Niu and Zhou 2013;Sun et al 2014). Herbon and Hadas (2015) focus on morning and afternoon peaks and use a generalized newsvendor model.…”