Optimization of titanium dioxide wetting in alkyd paint and varnish materials in the presence of surfactants

Abstract

This paper reports the results of studying the influence of surfactants (SAS) on the wetting of titanium dioxide in alkyd paint and varnish materials (PVM), based on pentaphthalic (PPh) and alkyd-urethane (AU) film-forming substances. Edge wetting angle (θ°) and adhesion work (Wa) were used as the criteria for assessing the wettability of titanium dioxide. Three additives were used as SAS: the original product AS-1, obtained from waste of oil refining (with low cost), and industrial additives: "Telaz" and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA). All the studied additives in PPh and AU PVM improve the wetting of titanium dioxide. At the 30 % content of AS film-forming substance in the composition, the maximum decrease in θ° for AS-1 is 4.5°, for PEPA and Telaz it is 4°. For pentaphthalic composition under similar conditions, a decrease in edge wetting angle for AS-1 is 10 °, for Telaz 8.6°, and for PEPA 5.9°. According to the relative change in edge wetting angle for both systems, the maximum decrease in θ° is about 10 %. The introduction of SAS into the composition of AU ambiguously affects the adhesion work, for PPh, the introduction of SAS causes a decrease in adhesion work (Wa). AS-1 is the SAS that minimally reduces adhesion work. The compositions of the PVM by the method of probabilistic-deterministic planning, which ensures maximum wetting of titanium dioxide with film-forming solutions, were analyzed. The equations for calculating the edge angle of wetting of titanium dioxide depending on the content of solvent and the SAS in the PVM were derived. The effectiveness of the AS-1 product as a wetting additive for alkyd paints and varnishes was proven. The wetting ability of the original SAS – AS-1 is close to industrial additives PEPA and Telaz.

Development of an Ultrasonic Method for the Quality Control of Polyethylene Tanks Manufactured Using Rotational Molding Technology

“…After measuring the values of the amplitude coefficient of the third harmonic corresponding to a certain combination of input parameters ( Table 2 ), the experimental array was sampled on dot plots in accordance with the PDP method [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ], and the particular dependencies were obtained, which are shown in Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 .…”

“…of the ultrasonic signal was carried out using the method of probabilistic–deterministic planning (PDP). A detailed description of the PDP method for modeling multiparameter processes is presented in [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ]. The experiment was designed with a “3 × 3 × 4” plan and included all the possible combinations of input parameters.…”

“…After measuring the values of the amplitude coefficient of the third harmonic corresponding to a certain combination of input parameters (Table 2), the experimental array was sampled on dot plots in accordance with the PDP method [75][76][77][78][79][80][81], and the particular dependencies were obtained, which are shown in Figures 12-14 To derive a multifactorial statistical mathematical model of the effect of PIAT and temperature on β, the following equation proposed by M. M. Protodiakonov (5) was used:…”

Modeling the wetting of titanium dioxide and steel substrate in water-borne paint and varnish materials in the presence of surfactants

“…Modeling of the joint effect of surfactants and a film-forming agent on the wetting ability of water-borne compositions was carried out in line with the method of probabilistic-deterministic planning (PDP) [15]. A detailed description of the process of applying the PDP method for modeling multifactorial processes is shown in work [16].…”

Exploration of the Adsorption Reduction of the Pigment Aggregates Strength under the Effect of Surfactants in Water-Dispersion Paints

“…The adsorption of surfactants leads to the appearance of a positive disjoining pressure in the direction of the development of micro cracks, which favors the increase in deformations and mechanical separation of aggregates. At the same time, an improvement in the wetting of pigments with resin (varnish) solutions is recorded [ 7 , 8 ].…”