Optimization of the saffron compound essence formula and its effect on preventing skin photoaging

Abstract

Skin photoaging is mainly induced by long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, thereby leading to wrinkles, pigmentation, looseness, and roughness of skin appearance, which seriously affects the appearance. 1 Several previous studies in the field of modern medicine have reported that chronic exposure to UV irradiation can induce thickening, keratinization, and unclear layering of the skin epidermis, 2 as well as proliferation, distortion, or even breakage of elastic fibers in the dermis. 3,4 Furthermore, long-term UV exposure causes retrogression and excessive deposition of abnormal collagen fibers, 5,6 thereby leading to skin photoaging manifested by increased wrinkles, thickened epidermis, redness, swelling, and stains. 7 Presently, almost all of the available skin care products that are used to reduce photoaging damage contain chemically synthesized additives. Therefore, skin allergies and other skin problems

Protective effects of sugarcane polyphenol against UV‐B‐induced photoaging in Balb/c mouse skin: Antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐glycosylation Effects

“…Evaluation of the macroscopic appearance grade of back skin was done according to the scoring criteria at day 63 (Figure 1a). The grading criteria used to evaluate the degree of photoaging were referenced from Li et al (2022) with appropriate modifications: Score 1, no wrinkles or skin laxity, normal texture, smooth and full skin surface; 2, skin texture changes with fine wrinkles; 3, more wrinkles appearing and slight redness in skin color; 4, skin laxity with deep wrinkles, visible redness, and noticeable roughness in skin texture were noted; and 5, more deep wrinkles with a rough and visibly damaged skin surface.…”