Optimization of the Recipes of Forcemeat Products on the Basis of Processed Freshwater Mussels

Abstract

This article is devoted to the optimization of the formulations of mincemeat products (cutlets) based on the semi-finished product from the freshwater mussel of the genus Anodonta. Recipe of this semi-finished product that can be introduced into the composition of different groups of dishes and culinary products has been developed. The article presents the model developed of optimisation of the recipe composition of polycomponent systems according to the optimum daily consumption of protein, fats and carbohydrates, with the classical cutlet technology as an example. In the course of the research, a universal model of an orthogonal central composite design to optimize forcemeat products was developed based on the criterion of a balance of the basic nutrients. The orthogonal central composite design is described in detail with four (n) factors of the optimization of the formulations of forcemeat products, and the homogeneity of the dispersion is confirmed, using Cochran’s C test at the significance level of x (0.05). The significance of the statistical model and the reliability of the regression equation were determined with an F-test. An organoleptic evaluation of the composition of each formulation of forcemeat products on the basis of processed freshwater mussels was made during the experiment by analytical methods – the qualitative method and the developed profile analysis method according to a point scale. The obtained results were presented in the form of a 3D model constructed using the least-squares smoothing method. After the graphic data obtained and the results of the direct measurements had been studied and the regression equation interpreted, we determined that the optimum composition of forcemeat products based on the processed freshwater mussel was the sample having the ratio of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates 1:1.03:4.18, which is the closest to the optimum ratio (1:1:4), and the organoleptic rating 14.25. Besides, basing on formulation 21 developed by us, we have determined the content of minerals, in particular Ca, P, Mg, Fe, I2, in one portion.