Optimization of the reaction parameters of heavy naphtha reforming process using Pt-Re/Al 2 O 3 catalyst system

El-Sayed, Hussien A.; Menoufy, M. F.; Shaban, Seham A.; Ahmed, Hoda S.; Heakal, Bassem H.

doi:10.1016/j.ejpe.2015.03.009

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Lessening ratio of the liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) had enormous consequence on growing the aromatic composition in the reformate products. 17 Octane number play key role in the fuel value. For high load engines higher octane number is required, where as for lower load engines the octane number is varying.…”

Section: Preparation Of Adulterated Samples and Experiments With Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Environmental and health hazards of fuel adulteration and its detection, safeguards

Babu

Krishna

Mani

et al. 2020

International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education

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In day to day the usage of the petroleum products are increasing. The utility can be foreseen in the fields of transportation, energy generation, domestic etc. These traders are en cashing the usage to their profits. This is causing health hazards so also the environmental pollution. This has long impact on the ecosystem. The blending of fuels with other similar fuels can detect with the conventional distillation process so also the present computational techniques.

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Section: Preparation Of Adulterated Samples and Experiments With Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Environmental and health hazards of fuel adulteration and its detection, safeguards

Babu

Krishna

Mani

et al. 2020

International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education

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“…Also, RON depends on dehydrogenation of naphthenes and dehydrocyclization or isomerization of nparaffins. However, raising reaction temperature leads to hydrocracking reactions then causes an increase coke formation on the surface of catalyst [48,49].…”

Section: Analyses Of the Effects Of Temperature On The Composition An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of High-Octane Number Gasoline from Basra Low Octane-Number Gas Condensate and Ethanol over Modified Zn/ZSM5 Zeolite Catalyst

Salim

Saed

2023

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Catalytic transformation of a low-octane number stable gas condensate to high-octane number gasoline (RON: research octane number) is an economically and strategically vital process. In this research, modifying ZSM5 zeolite (80 Si/Al ratio) by impregnation with 2% Zn (Zn/ZSM5) was carried out to increase the selectivity for isomerization and aromatization thereby enhance the octane number. The process was conducted by using stable gas condensate 85 vol% with 15 vol% ethanol in a fixed bed reactor. Zn/ZSM5 and ZSM5 were examined in a pilot scale under different conditions temperature 360-420 °C LHSV1.2-2 h−1, pressure 5 bar. Catalysts were characterized before and after Zn loading using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and N2-adsorption. The SEM, FESEM, and TEM have shown that no change in morphology and metal distribution. The XRD and FTIR characterizations revealed the modified catalysts retained their crystallinity after metal impregnation while N2-adsorption isotherm demonstrates no significant change in porosity. The results of Zn/ZSM5 display an optimum result at 420 °C, 1.2 h−1, 5 bar with enhancement of RON from 60.5 to 89 whereas ZSM5 shows RON enhancement from 60.5 to 82. Post Zn loading, PONA test has shown an increase for iso-paraffin from 45.4 to 47.4%, and aromatics from 10.8 to 14. The findings translate the effectiveness of using Zn on ZSM5 for gas condensate – gasoline transformation. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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“…This is due to the very low concentration of olefin intermediates at high pressure and the higher hydrogen concentration at the catalytically active site of the hydrocarbon molecules. Although higher hydrogen pressure has a negative effect on n-paraffin conversion and a lower increase in selectivity and in catalyst stability, industry specification can initiate catalyst characterization in the pressure range of 30-50 bar (Elsayed et al,2017;Regali et al, 2014).…”

Section: Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Hydroisomerisasion of n-Parafins over Supported Metal Catalysts

Safaat

Adilina²,

Tursiloadi³

2021

J. Rek. Pros.

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Catalytic hydroisomerization of n-paraffin aims to produce branched paraffin isomers and suppress cracking reactions in the production of the low cloud point of biodiesel. The development of the type of metal and catalyst support, amount of metal loading, and reaction conditions are important to increase the catalyst activity. A high performace catalyst for hydroisomerization bears bifunctional characteristics with a high level of hydrogenation active sites and low acidity, maximizing the progress of hydroisomerization compared to the competitive cracking reaction. In addition, a catalyst support with smaller pore size can hinder large molecular structure isoparaffins to react on the acid site in the pore thus providing good selectivity for converting n-paraffin. Catalysts loaded with noble metals (Pt or Pd) showed significantly higher selectivity for hydroisomerization than non-noble transition metals such as Ni, Co, Mo and W. The reaction temperature and contact time are also important parameters in hydroisomerization of long chain paraffin, because long contact times and high temperatures tend to produce undesired byproducts of cracking. This review reports several examples of supported metal catalyst used in the hydroisomerization of long chain hydrocarbon n-paraffins under optimized reaction conditions, providing the best isomerization selectivity results with the lowest amount of byproducts. The role of various metals and their supports will be explained mainly for bifunctional catalysts.

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Optimization of the reaction parameters of heavy naphtha reforming process using Pt-Re/Al 2 O 3 catalyst system

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

RETRACTED: Environmental and health hazards of fuel adulteration and its detection, safeguards

RETRACTED: Environmental and health hazards of fuel adulteration and its detection, safeguards

Production of High-Octane Number Gasoline from Basra Low Octane-Number Gas Condensate and Ethanol over Modified Zn/ZSM5 Zeolite Catalyst

A Review on the Hydroisomerisasion of n-Parafins over Supported Metal Catalysts

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