Optimization of the Ocular Surface Through Treatment of Ocular Surface Disease Before Ophthalmic Surgery: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Ocular surface disease commonly exists in individuals requiring ophthalmic surgery and may compromise the structure and function of ocular surface components. Ophthalmic surgery may further affect the ocular surface by injuring the epithelium and sensory nerves, disrupting the tear film, or causing local inflammation. Medical management of ocular surface disease prior to ophthalmic surgery aids in reducing inflammation, resolving infection, improving epithelial pathology, stabilizing the tear film, and easing patient symptoms, promoting positive long-term outcomes and minimizing the incidence of postoperative complications. This review summarizes frequently encountered ocular surface diseases and available preoperative medical management options, discusses common ophthalmic surgeries and their effects on the ocular surface, examines potential postoperative complications, and defines recommendations for postoperative ocular surface maintenance.

Dry Eye Disease as a Cause of Refractive Errors After Cataract Surgery – A Systematic Review

“… 7 However, recent studies suggest that in most cases these subtypes coexist or occur as a continuum. 7 , 20 …”

“… 26–28 The preoperative presence of DED increases the risk of infection after surgery and surgical complications during these procedures. 20 …”

“… 32 Treatment is expected to primarily reduce inflammation, stabilize the tear film and alleviate symptoms prior to ophthalmic surgery. 20 …”

“…7 However, recent studies suggest that in most cases these subtypes coexist or occur as a continuum. 7,20 This multifactoriality of the condition and the multitude of possible symptoms contribute to a complex diagnostic scheme based on numerous tests.…”

Chinese Materia Medica preparation alleviates ocular surface inflammation after pterygium surgery

“…Early use of anti-in ammatory drugs after surgery [15][16] has certain advantages in alleviating postoperative ocular surface in ammation. However, the long-term use of drugs could also induce various adverse reactions such as intraocular hypertension, corneal epithelial toxicity, and corneal melting [17] . With the advancement in the researches on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), many Chinese Materia Medica preparations have shown major effects for ophthalmic diseases that are di cult to treat by traditional methods [18] .…”