Optimization of the Low-Intensity Beam Extraction Mode at the Medical Synchrotron for Application in Proton Radiography and Tomography

Dosimetric Evaluation of Target Motion Effects in Spot-Scanning Proton Therapy: A Phantom Study

“… 16 The synchrotron provides a narrow scanning beam with an intensity of approximately 10 9 protons per cycle in the energy range of 30 to 330 MeV, which is suitable for both treatment 17 and proton imaging. 18 An energy switch time varies in the range of 1.2 to 1.5 seconds; a spot switch time is typically 5 ms. The beam size (σ) is 9.1 to 1.7 mm for the beam energy of 40 to 250 MeV.…”