Optimization of the Layout and Control Strategy for Parallel Through-the-Road Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Cost-optimized design of a dual-mode diesel parallel hybrid electric vehicle for several driving missions and market scenarios

“…The tool that has been used to identify the optimal design of each hybrid vehicle is a refined version of that shown in [25,26]. Basically, the tool is based on the generation of a large number of different layouts (in terms of engine size, electric machine size and speed ratios of the TC/SC devices and of the final drive) for each vehicle architecture.…”

“…The refinement of a previously developed tool [25,26] for the optimization of the layout of hybrid vehicles. The tool is based on a bi-level (nested) approach, which has been found to offer the best performance when the aim is to solve plant and controller optimization problems at the same time.…”

Layout design and energetic analysis of a complex diesel parallel hybrid electric vehicle

“…The parallel architecture, which is currently one of the most frequently adopted in hybrid vehicles, is usually constituted by a single electric machine, which may be installed either on the front or on the rear axle, and by the internal combustion engine (ICE). The advantages and disadvantages of these layouts have already been investigated in the literature [7,12]. However, to the authors' x angular speed (rad/s) Subscripts batt related to the battery chem chemical el electrical ice related to the ICE max maximum mech mechanical veh related to the vehicle knowledge, there is a lack of studies in the literature on the analysis of a complex parallel architecture that includes one electric machine on the front axle and another one on the rear axle at the same time.…”

“…The tool that was developed in [12], and is referred to as the Optimal-layout tool, has been refined and employed to define the optimal layout of each hybrid vehicle. This tool identifies the optimal size of the battery, of the engine and of each electric machine, as well as the optimal values of the speed ratio of the front/rear final drives, through the minimization of the powertrain costs over a 10-year time span for a defined vehicle mission.…”

Optimal Design of Power-Split HEVs Based on Total Cost of Ownership and CO2 Emission Minimization

“…The tool used in the present work has been developed starting from a version presented in [26,35]. It generates many different design candidates for each vehicle layout.…”