Optimization of the Design and Operation of an Extractive Distillation System for the Production of Fuel Grade Ethanol Using Glycerol as Entrainer

García-Herreros, Pablo; Gómez, Jorge M.; Gil, Iván D.; Rodríguez, Gerardo

doi:10.1021/ie101845j

Cited by 94 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The separation of H 2 O formed together with ethanol in the last step needs consideration to obtain anhydrous ethanol. The extractive distillation, a technique widely used for the separation of ethanol-water azeotropes derived from ethylene hydration and sugar fermentation 59 , as well as membranes 60,61 may fulfil this task. An anti-corrosive reactor may also be necessary if the concentration of acetic acid intermediate becomes considerable in the large-scale process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-pass transformation of syngas into ethanol with high selectivity by triple tandem catalysis

et al. 2020

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Synthesis of ethanol from non-petroleum carbon resources via syngas (a mixture of H 2 and CO) is an important but challenging research target. The current conversion of syngas to ethanol suffers from low selectivity or multiple processes with high energy consumption. Here, we report a high-selective conversion of syngas into ethanol by a triple tandem catalysis. An efficient trifunctional tandem system composed of potassium-modified ZnO-ZrO 2 , modified zeolite mordenite and Pt-Sn/SiC working compatibly in syngas stream in one reactor can afford ethanol with a selectivity of 90%. We demonstrate that the K + -ZnO-ZrO 2 catalyses syngas conversion to methanol and the mordenite with eight-membered ring channels functions for methanol carbonylation to acetic acid, which is then hydrogenated to ethanol over the Pt-Sn/SiC catalyst. The present work offers an effective methodology leading to high selective conversion by decoupling a single-catalyst-based complicated and uncontrollable reaction into well-controlled multi-steps in tandem in one reactor.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-pass transformation of syngas into ethanol with high selectivity by triple tandem catalysis

et al. 2020

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“…The objective differs throughout the literature, first with sensitivity analysis and then with optimization schemes. Mixed integer nonlinear programming can be used to solve the optimization issue 16, 17. De Figueiredo et al 18 used a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) scheme built in Aspen Plus® process simulator to optimize some of the continuous variables and performed a sensitivity analysis over the total stage number.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design and Economic Evaluation of Dividing‐Wall Columns

et al. 2016

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In an effort to reduce costs, a systematic optimization approach is proposed to address the energy consumption of dividing-wall columns (DWCs). This iterative optimization procedure begins by minimizing the overall heat duty using an innovative objective function within a constrained design space. A sensitivity analysis is then carried out on the manipulated variables to obtain their optimal ranges. Optimal operating parameters are obtained through the evaluation of the total annualized cost (TAC). For the separation process of benzene/toluene/o-xylene, the optimal DWC flow sheet exhibits a significant decrease in TAC when compared to conventional flow sheet optimum designs. The applied optimization method and sensitivity analysis have proven to produce results at the global optimum. This method is both practical and easily applied to other systems, even to systems with more than three components.

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“…In the separation of ethanol/water mixtures, benzene was once used as an entrainer in azeotropic distillation, but has since been replaced by less hazardous solvents such as cyclohexane, 13,22 ethylene glycol, 23,24 hyperbranched polymers, 25 and glycerol. 26 Adsorption with molecular sieves supplanted azeotropic distillation for drying ethanol in the US ethanol biofuel industry decades ago. 27 In adsorption, the solvent/water mixture, either as a vapor or liquid, is contacted with a hydrophilic solid adsorbent with water selectively sorbing to the solid, leaving a water-laden adsorbent and a water-depleted solvent stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: membrane materials for the removal of water from industrial solvents by pervaporation and vapor permeation

Vane

2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

109

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Organic solvents are widely used in a variety of industrial sectors. Reclaiming and reusing the solvents may be the most economically and environmentally beneficial option for managing spent solvents. Purifying the solvents to meet reuse specifications can be challenging. For hydrophilic solvents, water must be removed prior to reuse, yet many hydrophilic solvents form hard‐to‐separate azeotropic mixtures with water. Such mixtures make separation processes energy‐intensive and cause economic challenges. The membrane processes pervaporation (PV) and vapor permeation (VP) can be less energy‐intensive than distillation‐based processes and have proven to be very effective in removing water from azeotropic mixtures. In PV/VP, separation is based on the solution–diffusion interaction between the dense permselective layer of the membrane and the solvent/water mixture. This review provides a state‐of‐the‐science analysis of materials used as the selective layer(s) of PV/VP membranes in removing water from organic solvents. A variety of membrane materials, such as polymeric, inorganic, mixed matrix, and hybrid, have been reported in the literature. A small subset of these is commercially available and highlighted here: poly (vinyl alcohol), polyimides, amorphous perfluoro polymers, NaA zeolites, chabazite zeolites, T‐type zeolites, and hybrid silicas. The typical performance characteristics and operating limits of these membranes are discussed. Solvents targeted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for reclamation are emphasized and ten common solvents are chosen for analysis: acetonitrile, 1‐butanol, N,N‐dimethyl formamide, ethanol, methanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl tert‐butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, and 2‐propanol. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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Optimization of the Design and Operation of an Extractive Distillation System for the Production of Fuel Grade Ethanol Using Glycerol as Entrainer

Cited by 94 publications

References 29 publications

Single-pass transformation of syngas into ethanol with high selectivity by triple tandem catalysis

Single-pass transformation of syngas into ethanol with high selectivity by triple tandem catalysis

Optimal Design and Economic Evaluation of Dividing‐Wall Columns

Review: membrane materials for the removal of water from industrial solvents by pervaporation and vapor permeation

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