Optimization of shrimp shell waste deacetylation for chitosan production

Abstract

Chitosan, a versatile natural polymer is an amino polysaccharide prepared by processing shrimp shell waste which involved deacetylation of chitin. To obtain high degree of deacetylation (DDA), several parameters should be performed during alkaline treatment. The present study was undertaken at different time of soaking treatment (once and twice) and temperature (60 o C and 80 o C) to optimize the deacetylation process to produce chitosan with high solubility and degree of deacetylation. It was observed that the highest solubility and degree of deacetylation were obtained when deacetylation process was repeated twice and temperature of 80 o C, with 99.48% and 97.63%, respectively. It can be concluded that by repeating the deacetylation twice with the support of heating treatment, a better quality of chitosan with higher solubility and degree of deacetylation can be produced.

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity, Biodegradability and Mechanical Properties of Chitosan Blended ZnO Biofilm for Food Packaging

“…Dried powder of shrimp shells were placed in plastic bottles and stored at ambient temperature. Chitosan(CS) powder was prepared by Brine process consisting of demineralization of shrimp shells, chitin processing (deproteinization) and chitosan processing (Deacetylation) 28 .…”

Removal of Fe (Ii) and Mn (Ii) From Wastewater Using Nano-Chitosan Prepared From Shrimp Waste

“…After that, the solution was filtered and the residue was washed several times with deionized water (DI) until neutral pH. However; demineralization was easily achieved because of decomposition of calcium carbonate into the water-soluble calcium salts with the release of carbon dioxide as shown in the following equation; [10,17,18].…”

“…Chitosan has the ability to adsorb significant amounts of metal ions over a wide range [4,8]. Chitosan is a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible polymer with antibacterial activity and has a wide range of applications in different fields such as membranes, medicine, drug delivery, hydrogels, water treatment, adhesives, food packaging, fuel cells, and surface conditioner [9].Chitosan can be prepared from shrimps and crabs waste throw several steps involves demineralization with acid solution, deprtonization with alkaline solution and deacetylation with a concentrated alkaline solution [10]. However; Chitin is made up of a linear chain of acetyl glucosamine groups while chitosan is obtained by removing enough acetyl groups (CH3-CO) for the molecule to be soluble in most diluted acids.…”

Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

“…Chitosan (structure depicted in figure 2) can be introduced as the first molecule. It can be prepared from chitin by an alkaline deacetylation or any other form of chemical deacetylation [24][25][26] but some fungi like Aspergillus genus are able to produce chitosan by metabolic processes because of enzyme deacetylase [27,28]. Chitosan is a biocompatible molecule that has no or only minimal risk to human health and it also does not make persisting waste in the environment after use because of biodegradability.…”