Optimization of salicylic acid and chitosan treatment for bitter secoiridoid and xanthone glycosides production in shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata using response surface methodology and artificial neural network

Abstract

Background: In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) was used to construct the predicted models of linear, quadratic and interactive effects of two independent variables viz. salicylic acid (SA) and chitosan (CS) for the production of amarogentin (I), swertiamarin (II) and mangiferin (III) from shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata Wall. These compounds are the major therapeutic metabolites in the Swertia plant, which have significant role and demand in the pharmaceutical industries. Results: Present study highlighted that different concentrations of SA and CS elicitors substantially influenced the % yield of (I), (II) and (III) compounds in the shoot culture established on modified ½ MS medium (supplemented with 2.22 mM each of BA and KN and 2.54 mM NAA). In RSM, different response variables with linear, quadratic and 2 way interaction model were computed with five-factor-three level full factorial CCD. In ANN modelling, 13 runs of CCD matrix was divided into 3 subsets, with approximate 8:1:1 ratios to train, validate and test. The optimal enhancement of (I) (0.435%), (II) (4.987%) and (III) (4.357%) production was achieved in 14 days treatment in shoot cultures of S. paniculata elicited by 9 mM and 12 mg L − 1 concentrations (SA) and (CS). Conclusions: In optimization study, (I) show 0.170-0.435%; (II) display 1.020-4.987% and (III) upto 2.550-4.357% disparity with varied range of SA (1-20 mM) and CS (1-20 mg L − 1). Overall, optimization of elicitors to promote secoiridoid and xanthone glycoside production with ANN modeling (r 2 = 100%) offered more significant results as compared to RSM (r 2 = 99.8%).

Enhanced in vitro production of diosgenin in shoot cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea by elicitation and precursor feeding

“…In Hypericum perforatum, the hyperforin production was increased in shootlet meristem cultures when treated with 1mM of SA [47]. In in vitro shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata SA promoted amarogentin, swertiamarin and mangiferin yield at optimal concentrations [48]. In the present study, the diosgenin production attained through elicitation of D. deltoidea shoot cultures was higher than reported in the eld plants (0.428% DW root) [49].…”

Enhanced in vitro production of diosgenin in shoot cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea by elicitation and precursor feeding

“…In Hypericum perforatum, the hyperforin production was increased in shootlet meristem cultures when treated with 1mM of SA [47]. In in vitro shoot cultures of Swertia paniculata SA promoted amarogentin, swertiamarin and mangiferin yield at optimal concentrations [48]. In the present study, the diosgenin production attained through elicitation of D. deltoidea shoot cultures was higher than reported in eld plants (0.197% DW).…”

Natural Variation in Plant Pluripotency and Regeneration

“…The potential of this approach is illustrated by recent reports on the application of artificial neural networks to model and augment somatic embryogenesis and shoot proliferation in Chrysanthemum and shoot regeneration in wheat by altering medium composition [ 177 , 178 , 179 ]. Similar strategies have been used to increase the production of therapeutic metabolites from in vitro cultures of Swertia paniculata and Bryophyllum [ 180 , 181 ]. Advanced treatments based on antibiotics, electric currents, and nanoparticles could further help to overcome recalcitrance [ 6 ].…”