Optimization of Reserve With Different Time Scales for Wind-Thermal Power Optimal Scheduling Considering Dynamic Deloading of Wind Turbines

Ge, Xiaolin; Zhu, Xiaohe; Fu, Yang; Xu, Yisheng; Huang, Lingling

doi:10.1109/tste.2022.3179635

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…PV and wind turbine generators can be used to reduce system inertia, as proposed in the literature [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Nevertheless, the main contribution of this study is the use of inverter air conditioners as the main component of virtual energy storage systems to provide virtual inertia and frequency regulation.…”

Section: A Virtual Energy Storage System Using Iac and Pv Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, distributed RES, such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine generators, have been applied to provide virtual inertia and frequency regulation. For PV and wind turbine generators, deloading and inertia emulation are the two primary techniques used to provide virtual inertia and frequency regulation [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The deloading of the PV generation may not be economically reasonable when the load demand is high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MPC-Based Virtual Energy Storage System Using PV and Air Conditioner to Emulate Virtual Inertia and Frequency Regulation of the Low-Inertia Microgrid

2022

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Grid-connected large-scale power converter-based intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) reduce system inertia, increase frequency fluctuation, and increase the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). An energy storage system (ESS) is an indispensable component of a smart grid, and is used to overcome low-inertia problems. However, the capital and maintenance costs of ESS are high and high RoCoF events are less frequent in power systems. Therefore, the introduction of a virtual energy storage system (VESS) to provide the function of a conventional ESS for power system ancillary services is an innovative and cost-effective method. This study investigated a VESS using photovoltaic (PV) generators and inverter air conditioners (IACs) to provide virtual inertia and frequency regulation for a low-inertia microgrid. A model predictive control (MPC)-based VESS regulates indoor temperature, microgrid frequency, and RoCoF. The impact of parameter variation, that is, the microgrid frequency weight, indoor temperature weight, virtual inertia gain, and number of IACs, was studied and selected by considering the ability of the parameters to provide virtual inertia and frequency regulation. Finally, the efficiency and robustness of the proposed MPC-based VESS technique are compared with those of a conventional VESS. Simulation results revealed that the proposed MPC-based VESS can improve the virtual inertia, reduce the frequency deviation, and reduce the RoCoF of the studied microgrid. In addition, the proposed method is robust to variations in the system parameters.INDEX TERMS Virtual energy storage system, virtual inertia emulator, load frequency control, inverter air conditioner, photovoltaics generator, microgrid

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Section: A Virtual Energy Storage System Using Iac and Pv Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MPC-Based Virtual Energy Storage System Using PV and Air Conditioner to Emulate Virtual Inertia and Frequency Regulation of the Low-Inertia Microgrid

2022

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“…∆v dc (15) To obtain the ECCS output impedance, which is the relationship between ∆v dc and ∆i dc , it is necessary to express ∆P dc in terms of ∆v dc in (15). The power balance between the DC side and AC side of ECCS is given by ∆P dc = ∆P ac (16) where P ac is the active power on the AC side of the MMC, and its expression is given by…”

Section: Side Impedance Of MMCmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A distributed framework is proposed in [15] to issue uniform torque and pitch angle instructions of wind turbines for equal distribution of power reserve requirements. Moreover, a dynamic power reserve strategy is proposed in [16] to coordinate OWFs under different wind speed zones and analyze the feasibility of rotor overspeed control to achieve variable virtual inertia. Although the discussed research can realize frequency support from OWFs, the coordination with MMCs in the MTDC system has not been discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Support Control of Multi-Terminal Direct Current System Integrated Offshore Wind Farms Considering Direct Current Side Stability

Han

2023

Electronics

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The frequency stability of modern power systems is challenged due to widespread application of large-scale renewable energy systems, of which the offshore wind farm (OWF) is one of the dominant resources. The OWFs are usually integrated into the grid by multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) transmission systems, which makes the energy flow complicated and the frequency control design challenging. A frequency support control method of MTDC system integrated OWFs (referred to as the OWF-MTDC system) is proposed in this paper. First, the wind turbine generation system (WTGS) is controlled to reserve a certain amount of available power according to the real-time wind speed for more comprehensive frequency regulation. Then, the frequency support control of OWFs is designed, and they can release the rotor kinetic energy and reserved power to support the onshore grid frequency. In addition, the virtual inertia control of a modular multi-level converter (MMC) is designed, which can also provide frequency support in an emergency by use of the DC capacitor. To ensure that the frequency control of the OWF-MTDC system does not degrade the stability of the system, a detailed DC impedance model of the MMC-based MTDC systems is developed, considering the constant power control and DC voltage control. Based on the impedance model, the impact of the frequency control coefficients on the DC side stability of the MTDC system is analyzed. Simulation results validate the stability analysis and verify the proposed frequency control method, which can effectively provide frequency support to the onshore power grid.

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“…The contradiction between the gradual increase in the flexibility demand of the new type of power sys-tem and the gradual decrease in the flexibility resources can be solved by reasonably optimizing the allocation of power supply and the installed proportion of thermal power and energy storage resources [7][8][9], and the planning concept will be shifted from the traditional balance of power to the balance of supply and demand of flexibility [10], which minimizes the planning cost and improves the capacity of new energy consumption from the economic point of view [11,12]. Reference [13] proposed a power supply expansion planning model considering unit commitment constraints for the problem of power system flexibility demand, optimizing investment decisions for variable renewable energy, energy storage systems and thermal power, and providing real-time flexibility using energy storage. Reference [14] includes flexibility needs associated with renewable energy as part of the dispatchable generation investment decision and plans the dispatchable generation portfolio of the power system based on the flexibility needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐timescale synergistic planning for flexible regulation of thermal power to support wind‐photovoltaic‐storage

Fan,

Li,

Jia

et al. 2024

IET Renewable Power Gen

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With the proposed goal of 30•60 carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the proportion of new energy continues to increase, the proportion of conventional power supply capacity continues to decrease, and the flexibility demand of the existing power system continues to increase and the flexibility adjustment ability is insufficient. Therefore, a medium and long term planning method is proposed to flexibly adjust the multi‐time scale coordination of thermal power support wind and solar storage. Considering the long‐term investment decision and the short and medium term operation simulation, the flexible transformation cost and the penalty cost of insufficient flexibility of thermal power units are included in the planning objective, and a multi‐time scale coordinated planning model is established with wind power as the main power source and thermal power and hydrogen energy storage as the auxiliary power source. Through the multi‐stage cycle iteration of investment decision model, medium and long term production simulation and typical daily operation simulation, the flexible transformation resources of wind and solar fire storage and thermal power are optimized. Finally, a provincial power grid in northeast China is taken as an example to verify that hydrogen energy storage equipment assisting thermal power unit flexibility transformation can better support load fluctuation and large‐scale new energy access in new power systems.

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Optimization of Reserve With Different Time Scales for Wind-Thermal Power Optimal Scheduling Considering Dynamic Deloading of Wind Turbines

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

MPC-Based Virtual Energy Storage System Using PV and Air Conditioner to Emulate Virtual Inertia and Frequency Regulation of the Low-Inertia Microgrid

MPC-Based Virtual Energy Storage System Using PV and Air Conditioner to Emulate Virtual Inertia and Frequency Regulation of the Low-Inertia Microgrid

Frequency Support Control of Multi-Terminal Direct Current System Integrated Offshore Wind Farms Considering Direct Current Side Stability

Multi‐timescale synergistic planning for flexible regulation of thermal power to support wind‐photovoltaic‐storage

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