Optimization of Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticle Concentration in Green LED Light Active Dental Photopolymer

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) display surface plasmon resonance (SPR) as a result of their irradiation at a targeted light frequency. SPR also results in heat production that increases the temperature of the surrounding environment, affecting polymerization. The aim was to investigate the SPR effect of AuNPs on a dimethacrylate-based photopolymer system. The tested composites were designed to overlap the illumination required for the polymerization and the plasmon effect. The 5 nm-sized dodecanethiol capped AuNPs were applied in different concentrations in the matrix that were irradiated with green light (λ = 532 nm), where the Irgacure 784 photoinitiator also absorbs the light. The plasmonic effect was investigated for the refractive index change by surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) supplemented by ellipsometry. Moreover, optical transmission and transmission electron micrographs (TEM), diametral tensile stress (DTS), and confocal Raman spectroscopy was performed to determine the degree of conversion (DC) at 1.0, 1.4, and 2.0 mW/cm2 light intensities. It was found that the optimal conditions were at 0.0208 wt% AuNPs concentration and 1.4 mW/cm2 light intensity at which the refractive index change, DTS, and DC data were all maximal. The study confirmed that AuNPs are applicable to improve the polymerization efficiency of dental composite resin.

The Effect of Femtosecond Laser Irradiation and Plasmon Field on the Degree of Conversion of a UDMA-TEGDMA Copolymer Nanocomposite Doped with Gold Nanorods

“…Based on these, the DC of the UDMA-TEGDMA nanocomposite is estimated to be from 71–72% after photopolymerization. This value is higher compared with our previous experience with this polymer (55–62%, [ 14 ]); however, a thin layer was used for polymerization, not a bulk material. During the second heating ramp shown in Figure 4 b, no exotherm peak could be observed, and the heat of the first cycle was enough to stabilize the conversion of the polymer matrix.…”

“…Increasing the DC of a methacrylate polymer improves many of its macroscopic properties, such as hardness [ 13 , 14 ], biocompatibility [ 8 , 15 ], a tendency to yellowing, etc. However, maximizing the DC is not a trivial task, as it depends on many material parameters and experimental conditions (such as monomer composition, temperature, irradiation intensity and time, initiator concentration, co-initiator/inhibitor system etc.).…”

A Review on the Development of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles-Based Biosensor as a Detection Strategy of Emerging and Pathogenic RNA Virus

“…The occurrence of SPR also leads to the generation of well-known thermoplasmonic at the plasmonic resonance frequency with the required use of nanoparticles [ 91 ]. Recently, a dual-functional plasmonic biosensor combining the plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing transduction was developed for the clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 [ 92 ].…”

Preparation of Silica Aerogel/Resin Composites and Their Application in Dental Restorative Materials

“…Inorganic filler materials can enable significant improvements in the strength, modulus [ 15 , 16 ], surface hardness [ 17 , 18 ], aesthetics [ 19 ], polymerization shrinkage and stress [ 20 ], and antimicrobial activity of resin materials [ 21 , 22 ]. The commonly used inorganic fillers with particle sizes ranging from 5 nm to 500 μm are mainly silica-based particles [ 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], glass ceramics [ 28 , 29 ], metals [ 9 , 30 , 31 ], and mineral particles [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. However, these commonly used composite resin materials still suffer from poor mechanical properties, poor antimicrobial properties, and restricted clinical service life.…”