Optimization of Plant Production by Seed Treatment in Two Wild Subspecies of Narcissus pseudonarcissus Rich in Alkaloids

Abstract

The daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. contains alkaloids of pharmaceutical interest. Wild daffodil populations have diverse genetic backgrounds and various genetic traits of possible importance. Developing protocols for plant production from seeds may ensure the availability of a large reservoir of individuals as well as being important for species with bulbs that are difficult to acquire. The closely related Narcissus pseudonarcissus subsp. munozii-garmendiae and subsp. nevadensis were investigated in this study because the alkaloids isolated from both are of high pharmacological interest. At the dispersal time, the seeds of both were dormant with underdeveloped embryos, i.e., morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). Experiments were conducted outdoors and under controlled laboratory conditions. Embryo growth and the percentages of radicle and seedling emergence were calculated under different temperature–light stratifications. In N. munozii-garmendiae, embryo growth occurred during warm stratification (28/14 °C or 25/10 °C) and the radicle then emerged when the temperature decreased, but the shoot was dormant. In N. nevadensis, the seeds germinated when cold stratified (5 °C) and then incubated at cool temperatures. Thus, N. munozii-garmendiae and N. nevadensis exhibit different levels of MPD, i.e., deep simple epicotyl and intermediate complex, respectively. Plant production protocols from seeds were established for both taxa in this study.

Influence of Sucrose and Activated Charcoal on Phytochemistry and Vegetative Growth in Zephyranthes irwiniana (Ravenna) Nic. García (Amaryllidaceae)

“…Individuals propagated in a greenhouse had a low germination rate (6.79%), much lower than that obtained using in vitro cultivation (96.86%). The results obtained using in vitro propagation were very promising, being an efficient strategy for propagating the species Z. irwiniana, and the low germination rate recorded in the greenhouse propagation agrees with Herranz et al (2020), who state that the Amaryllidaceae family has a small natural multiplication rate [20]. The germination success obtained through in vitro propagation was higher than that observed for other Amaryllidaceae species.…”

“…), 101(38), 73(26), 70(23), 41(21), 43(20), 55(18), 69(14), 57(13), 160 (12) T1 (leaf) 4.7 21.4 1832 1837 ± 5 Neophytadiene 68 (100), 69 (70), 82 (63), 95 (56), 57 (53), 67 (49), 71 (44), 81 (40), 55 (38), 41 (36) (previous column) that obtained the best peak resolution. Treat.…”

Alkaloids Analysis of Habranthus cardenasianus (Amaryllidaceae), Anti-Cholinesterase Activity and Biomass Production by Propagation Strategies

“…Regarding the germination test, different germination parameters were evaluated for 30 days [ 19 , 26 , 45 , 46 ]: germination percentage, germination rate, fifty percent of seed germination time (T50), germination energy, and germination period. The following formulas were used for germination parameter quantification (1–3): %G = S/St × 100 where %G is the germination percentege; S is the germinated seeds; and St is total tested seeds.…”

“…Thus, the extraction of bioactive metabolites from natural sources is currently not viable, and it is important to develop sustainable propagation methods for Amaryllidaceae domestication [17]. Such methods include seed propagation [18,19], cut-induced bulb division [20][21][22], and micropropagation [23][24][25]. Seed propagation is a simple and economical way to obtain seedlings [26] and allows a good multiplication rate, but it has the drawback of a high genetic drift [19].…”

“…Such methods include seed propagation [18,19], cut-induced bulb division [20][21][22], and micropropagation [23][24][25]. Seed propagation is a simple and economical way to obtain seedlings [26] and allows a good multiplication rate, but it has the drawback of a high genetic drift [19]. Cut-induced bulb division consists of making incisions that induce hormonal mechanisms in the plant and promote the generation of new bulbils [20].…”