Optimization of Phenolic Based De-Emulsifiers

Efeovbokha, V. E.; Olayemi, K. M.; Anawe, Paul Apeye Lucky; Abatan, Olubunmi G.

doi:10.3923/jas.2015.862.873

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The method described by Efeovbokhan et al (2015) was adopted and used for the screening of the various de-emulsifier solutions in the de-emulsification process. It is a physical separation technique employed to separate crude oil emulsions into clear phases of oil and water.…”

Section: Bottle Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high water content (or the presence of emulsion) in the Nigerian crude oil is inimical to the quality of petroleum products and it is one major challenge confronting the production of internationally acceptable crude oil of high quality. It is reported for instance, that crude oil from one of Nigeria's oil fields in Obagi, Port Harcourt, contains between 2% and 12% basic sediment and water (BS and W), which is by far higher than the required specification of 0.5%, (Efeovbokhan, Olayemi, Anawe, & Abatan, 2015). This problem if not addressed, affects the market value of crude oil in the international market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of the effects of phenolic de-emulsifier solutions in xylene on the de-emulsification of a Nigerian crude oil emulsion

Efeovbokhan

Udonne

Ayoola

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Research and Technology

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The research and development of de-emulsifiers for separating water from crude oil emulsions usually result in varying degrees of success, depending on the location and the type of crude being treated. This makes de-emulsifiers crude oil specific and thus gives rise to the continuous search for more and effective de-emulsifiers that can meet the specific needs of each locality. In this study, base-catalyzed phenol formaldehyde resins were formulated at varying formaldehyde to phenol ratios (1.2:1-1.8:1); the assessment was carried out by the bottle test method at varied de-emulsifier concentrations (vol/vol) in xylene acting as solvent diluent. The bottle test was carried out at an optimum temperature of 70 • C, dosage of 50 ppm and residence times of 10 and 20 min. A factorial design was done to determine the best combination of the de-emulsification conditions for the resolution of the Nigerian crude oil emulsion. The results were analyzed and optimized using Minitab 16 utilizing a Pareto chart, normal effects, main effects and interaction plots. From the analysis carried out, it was found that the most effective formulated de-emulsifier was obtained at formaldehyde to phenol (F:P) mole ratio of 1.8:1, 80% de-emulsifier concentration in xylene and residence time of 20 min. This de-emulsifier obtained a water separation efficiency of 79% compared to the commercial de-emulsifier which gave 71% efficiency. Thus the solution of P:F de-emulsifiers in xylene enhances the de-emulsification of the Nigerian crude oil emulsions.

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Section: Bottle Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%