Optimization of pH and temperature for degradation of tyre rubber by Bacillus sp. strain S10 isolated from sewage sludge

Kanwal, Nida; Shah, Aamer Ali; Qayyum, Sumaira; Hasan, Fariha

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.05.009

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Other genera that have been identified to contain rox A or rox B are Brevundimonas sp., Rhizobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Methylobacterium sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Methylibium sp. [ 3 , 52 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ]. Functional rox B and rox A orthologs, Lat A1 and Lat A2, respectively, essential for NR degradation by R. gummiphilus NS2 has also been reported [ 67 ].…”

Section: Rubber Degrading Enzymes: Rubber Oxygenasementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Degradation of Rubber: Actinobacteria

et al. 2021

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Rubber is an essential part of our daily lives with thousands of rubber-based products being made and used. Natural rubber undergoes chemical processes and structural modifications, while synthetic rubber, mainly synthetized from petroleum by-products are difficult to degrade safely and sustainably. The most prominent group of biological rubber degraders are Actinobacteria. Rubber degrading Actinobacteria contain rubber degrading genes or rubber oxygenase known as latex clearing protein (lcp). Rubber is a polymer consisting of isoprene, each containing one double bond. The degradation of rubber first takes place when lcp enzyme cleaves the isoprene double bond, breaking them down into the sole carbon and energy source to be utilized by the bacteria. Actinobacteria grow in diverse environments, and lcp gene containing strains have been detected from various sources including soil, water, human, animal, and plant samples. This review entails the occurrence, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular characteristics of Actinobacteria with respect to its rubber degrading ability, and discusses possible technological applications based on the activity of Actinobacteria for treating rubber waste in a more environmentally responsible manner.

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Section: Rubber Degrading Enzymes: Rubber Oxygenasementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Degradation of Rubber: Actinobacteria

et al. 2021

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“…It is synthesized by >2000 plant species (Rose & Steinbüchel, 2005). It is therefore plausible that microorganisms, capable of utilizing this carbon source, are present in inoculum of mixed origin, like activated sludges (Bode et al, 2001; Kanwal et al, 2015; Linos & Steinbüchel, 2005; Tsuchii, 1995). It has previously been found that unvulcanized NR was 100% biodegraded after 8 weeks by Nocardia sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Biodegradability of Tire Tread Particles and Influencing Factors

Nielsen,

Polesel,

Ahonen

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abrasion of tire tread, caused by friction between vehicle tires and road surfaces, causes release of tire wear particles (TWPs) into various environmental compartments. TWPs contribute to chemical‐, microplastic‐, and particulate matter pollution. Their fate remains largely unknown, especially regarding the extent and form in which they persist in the environment. This study investigated 1) the biodegradability of tread particles (TPs) in the form of ground tire tread, 2) how accelerated UV‐weathering affect their biodegradability, and 3) which TP constituents are likely contributors to TP biodegradability based on their individual biodegradability. A series of closed bottle tests, with aerobic aqueous medium inoculated with activated sludge, were carried out for pristine TPs, UV‐weathered TPs, and selected TP constituents; natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), and treated distillate aromatic extracts (TDAE). Biodegradation was monitored by manometric respirometry quantifying biological oxygen consumption over 28 days. Pristine TP biodegradability was found to be 4.5%. UV‐weathered TPs showed higher biodegradability of 6.7% and 8.0% with similar and increased inoculum concentration, respectively. The observed TP biodegradation was mainly attributed to biodegradation of NR and TDAE, with individual biodegradability of 35.4% and 8.0%, respectively. IR and BR showed negligible biodegradability. These findings indicate biodegradability of individual constituents is decreased by a factor of 2 to 5 when compounded into TPs. Through scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, biodegradation was found to cause surface erosion. Processes of TP biodegradation are expected to change throughout their lifetime as new constituents are incorporated from the road and others degrade and/or leach out. Tire emissions likely persist as particles with an increased fraction of synthetic rubbers and carbon black.

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“…The tire fragment was suspended in a mineral salt medium (MSM) described by Kanwal et al [ 25 ] (KH 2 PO 4 0.04 g/L, K 2 HPO 4 0.5 g/L, NaCl 0.1 g/L, CaCl 2 .2.H 2 O 0.002 g/L, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 0.02 g/L, MgSO 4 .7.H 2 O 0.2 g/L, FeSO 4 0.001 g/L, at pH 7) for a period of 7 moths. During the growth period, 100 μL of medium from the degradation flask were sampled to mix with 100 μL chloroform and Schiff’s reagent in order to demonstrate the presence of metabolites related to rubber degradation (aldehydes or ketones) [ 21 , 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tire Ground Rubber Biodegradation by a Consortium Isolated from an Aged Tire

et al. 2022

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Rubber is a natural product, the main car tire component. Due to the characteristics acquired by this material after its vulcanization process, its degradation under natural conditions requires very long times, causing several environmental problems. In the present work, the existence of a bacterial consortium isolated from a discarded tire found within the Socabaya River with the ability to degrade shredded tire rubber without any chemical pretreatment is explored. Taking into consideration the complex chemical composition of a rubber tire and the described benefits of the use of pretreatments, the study is developed as a preliminary analysis. The augmentative growth technique was used, and the level of degradation was quantified as a percentage through the analysis of microbial respiration. Schiff’s test and the use of comparative photographs of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also used. The consortium using next generation genetic sequencing was analyzed. A 4.94% degradation point was obtained after 20 days of experimentation, and it was found that the consortium was mostly made up with Delftia tsuruhatensis with 69.12% of the total genetic readings of the consortium and the existence of 15% of unidentified microbial strains at the genre level. The role played by the organisms in the degradation process is unknown. However, the positive results in the tests carried out show that the consortium had action on the shredded tire, showing a mineralization process.

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Optimization of pH and temperature for degradation of tyre rubber by Bacillus sp. strain S10 isolated from sewage sludge

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Microbial Degradation of Rubber: Actinobacteria

Microbial Degradation of Rubber: Actinobacteria

Assessing the Biodegradability of Tire Tread Particles and Influencing Factors

Tire Ground Rubber Biodegradation by a Consortium Isolated from an Aged Tire

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