Optimization of periodic single-photon sources based on combined multiplexing

Abstract

We consider periodic single-photon sources with combined multiplexing in which the outputs of several time-multiplexed sources are spatially multiplexed. We give a full statistical description of such systems in order to optimize them with respect to maximal single-photon probability. We carry out the optimization for a particular scenario which can be realized in bulk optics and its expected performance is extremely good at the present state of the art. We find that combined multiplexing outperforms purely spatially or time-multiplexed sources for certain parameters only, and we characterize these cases. Combined multiplexing can have the advantages of possibly using less nonlinear sources, achieving higher repetition rates, and the potential applicability for continuous pumping. We estimate an achievable single-photon probability between 85% and 89%.

Spatially multiplexed single-photon sources based on incomplete binary-tree multiplexers

“…Poissonian distribution is valid for multimode SPDC or SFWM processes, that is, for weaker spectral filtering [11,14,[39][40][41][42][43]. Assuming this distribution makes it possible to compare our results with the ones presented in a significant part of the literature related to SPS, which were also obtained for Poissonian distribution [9,10,16,17,27,[36][37][38]. The formula for the conditional probability 𝑃 (𝐷) ( 𝑗 |𝑙) can be obtained as…”

“…An unavoidable issue of real multiplexed systems is the appearance of various losses of the optical elements in both the heralding stage and the multiplexing system that leads to the limitation of the performance of multiplexed SPSs [28,36]. Full statistical frameworks have already been developed for the description of any kind of multiplexed SPSs using various photon detectors that take all relevant loss mechanisms into account [29,37,38]. These frameworks make it possible to optimize multiplexed SPSs, that is, to maximize the output single-photon probability by determining the optimal values of the system size and the mean number of photon pairs generated in the multiplexed units for a given set of loss parameters.…”

Bináris időbeli multiplexelésen alapuló periodikus egyfotonforrások optimalizálása

“…Javasoltunk továbbá egy bináris időbeli multiplexelésen alapuló forrást, amely az analízis szerint valós kísérleti paraméterek mellett jelenleg a legmagasabb egyfoton-valószínűséget adja. A [13] cikkünkben kiterjesztettük a leírásmódot kombinált multiplexelésen alapuló egyfotonforrásokra. Ezekben a rendszerekben egyaránt alkalmaznak térbeli, és időbeli multiplexelést.…”

Single-photon sources based on asymmetric spatial multiplexing with optimized inputs

“…This does not hold in real multiplexed systems as the losses of the optical elements in both the heralding stage and the multiplexing system limit the performance of multiplexed SPS [53,54]. In order to analyze such systems, a full statistical theory has been developed that takes all relevant loss mechanisms into account [55][56][57]. Such a theory was developed in Ref.…”

“…This theoretical framework was extended in Ref. [56] to describe SPS based on combined spatial and time multiplexing in a single setup [58][59][60]. The theory in Ref.…”