Optimization of pectinase-assisted and tri-solvent-mediated extraction and recovery of lycopene from waste tomato peels

Abstract

In the present work, optimization of pectinase-assisted and tri-solvent-mediated extraction of lycopene from waste tomato peels was carried out. The optimized parameters for enzymatic pre-treatment were 2% pectinase concentration, pH 5.5, 4-h incubation, 45 °C and 150 rpm. Maximum recovery of lycopene from tomato peels using optimized tri-solvent extraction was achieved at 45 °C, 120-min incubation and 200 rpm. The extracted lycopene was confirmed through functional and characteristic peaks in UV-Vis and FTIR spectra and with retention time in HPLC. The radical scavenging activity was 72.30 ± 2.70 and 43.40 ± 2.01 µg ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/ml for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, respectively. The optimized method resulted in 7.38, 4.65 and 1.59 times enhancement in lycopene extraction and recovery in correlation with single solvent, enzyme-treated and tri-solvent extraction methods, respectively.

Recent Advances in Recovery of Lycopene from Tomato Waste: A Potent Antioxidant with Endless Benefits

“…A similar result was reported by Ranveer et al 2013 [ 51 ] who found higher lycopene recovery for tomato peel treated with 2% pectinase and extracted with hexane:acetone:ethanol 50:25:25 v / v . This enzymatic pretreatment was then optimized (2% pectinase, pH 5.5, 4 h incubation, 45 °C) [ 52 ]. Furthermore, the recovery of carotenoids by using a mixture of hydrolytic enzymes was found to be a good approach [ 53 ].…”

Integrating of Aqueous Enzymolysis with Ethanolic Ultrasonication to Ameliorate Cordycepin Content from Vietnamese Cordyceps militaris and Biological Analysis of Extracts

“…Therefore, it is difficult for cordycepin to get into contact with solvents [18] . The result was pursuant to other studies [34,35] . As a consequence, the incubation period of 50 min was adequate to completely disrupt cell walls of materials and three levels of this factor ranging from 40 to 60 min were chosen for RSM experiments with the central point at 50 min.…”

Extraction of Lipophilic Antioxidants from Native Tomato Using Green Technologies

“…Experiment 2: enzymatic reaction conditions Four factors were studied to evaluate the enzymatic reaction conditions, including reaction medium (-1: pH=5, 1: distilled water), reaction time (-1: 1 h, 1: 5 h), enzyme cocktail concentration (KTN, -1: 1 %, 1: 5 %), and temperature (-1: 50 °C, 1: 40 °C) (Table 1). The studied factor levels were selected by preliminary assays or following recommendations in the literature (18,19,29,31,34). The treatment arrangement was generated by the Statgraphics Centurion XVI software (27).…”

“…Fractional factorial experiments have the advantage of allowing the incorporation of qualitative factors (35); the reaction medium corresponds to a qualitative factor while enzyme concentration, time of enzymatic reaction and temperature of reaction are quantitative factors. In addition to the pH of the medium, which was partially tested in the initial factorial experiment, the temperature, the enzyme concentration, and the reaction time are factors that can affect the effectiveness of the enzyme activity (29,30). The results of experiment 2 are presented in Fig.…”