Optimization of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) Utilized in Water-Based Mud While Drilling

Sid, Asma Nour El Houda; Kouini, Benalia; Bezzekhami, Mohammed Amin; Toumi, Selma; Ouchak, Khadidja; Benfarhat, Sara; Tahraoui, Hichem; Kebir, Mohammed; Amrane, Abdeltif; Assadi, Aymen Amine; Zhang, Jie; Mouni, Lotfi

doi:10.3390/pr11041133

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, a significant improvement was observed in the same samples when adding sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl). 21 Polymers have various thermal bearable ranges as they differ in molecular weight and composition; they require assistance from supplementary additives above those temperatures. The ongoing search for a polymer WBM prepared with polymers that would not further require adding additives would benefit the drilling operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar work by Asma et al (2023) assessing optimization of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) in water-based drilling mud conducted at a higher temperature of 20° to 60 °C reported better rheological behavior at high concentrations (3%). However, a significant improvement was observed in the same samples when adding sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a significant improvement was observed in the same samples when adding sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl). 21 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED: On Improving Water-Based Drilling Mud Swelling Control Using Modified Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)s

Poungui,

Sugai,

Nguele

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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One of the most challenging issues when drilling under high-temperature, high-pressure (HT/HP) conditions is wellbore instability caused by clay swelling and fluid loss of the drilling mud. One of the most difficult issues when drilling under high-temperature, high-pressure (HT/HP) conditions is wellbore instability caused by clay swelling and fluid loss in drilling mud. Two modified PVOHs, nonionic and cationic polymers made from sodium bentonite clay and deionized water at concentrations of 0.08, 0.28, and 0.49 wt.%, were introduced to WBM percent. A series of specific gravity and mud rheology experiments at 25, 55, and 85 °C indicated that both values drop monotonically with increasing temperature, regardless of PVOH addition or concentration. A temperature increase of 30 °C decreases the mud viscosity of WBM (without PVOH) by 18% from its starting value, on average. Only 0.1% of cationic and nonionic polymer reduces viscosity by 10% and 0%, respectively. Experimenting with mud samples for 5 h revealed that adding nonionic polymers enhances mud filtration by up to 34.7%, 1.25 times more than that achieved from cationic polymers under the same filtration circumstances. Increasing the filtration temperature moderately affects mud cake generation due to increased mud swelling index and preferential adsorption by nonionic polymer. The latter observation was corroborated by determining the polymer content of the filtrates. Therefore, it was shown that nonionic polymers adsorbed more (118.9 mg/g) than cationic polymers (84.51 mg/g). Increased filtration temperature moderately affects mud cake generation due to increased mud swelling index and preferential adsorption by nonionic polymer. The latter observation was corroborated by testing the filtrates for the polymer content. As a result, it was discovered that nonionic polymer adsorbed more (118.9 mg/g) than cationic polymer (84.51 mg/g). Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) finally tested the thermal stability of polymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED: On Improving Water-Based Drilling Mud Swelling Control Using Modified Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)s

Poungui,

Sugai,

Nguele

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Effect of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the rheology properties of fresh and mechanically degraded hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer solutions

Mora,

Hutin,

Avendano

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is extensively utilized in enhanced oil recovery operations. However, its efficacy is compromised by mechanical degradation during transport through injection lines, valves, and reservoir, which leads to a reduction in the average molecular weight, diminishing the solution's viscosity and viscoelastic properties, critical for efficient oil displacement. In this investigation, we characterized the degree of mechanical degradation in HPAM solutions by evaluating shear and extensional rheological parameters preand post‐degradation. Mechanical degradation was induced by subjecting them to controlled flow through a valve featuring varying degrees of constriction and flow rates. Our results demonstrate a significant reduction in zero‐shear viscosity and high‐strain extensional viscosity of mechanically degraded solutions, with reductions of up to 64%. To mitigate this issue, we explored the incorporation of silica nanoparticles as a potential remedy for mechanical degradation. These nanoparticles strengthen the network structure of HPAM, thereby reducing its susceptibility to mechanical degradation. Our findings reveal that shear and extensional viscosities of mechanically degraded NPs‐HPAM solutions experienced only minimal reductions, dropping to 12% and 0%, respectively. This underscores the effectiveness of the nanoparticle‐enhanced HPAM solutions in preserving viscosity and viscoelasticity under mechanical stress, presenting a promising avenue for improving the robustness of EOR processes.

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Synthesis and performance evaluation of thermo-thickening/Nano-SiO2 as a viscosifier for bentonite-free water-based drilling fluids

Hu,

Huaizhi,

Jiawei

et al. 2024

J Nanopart Res

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Optimization of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) Utilized in Water-Based Mud While Drilling

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

RETRACTED: On Improving Water-Based Drilling Mud Swelling Control Using Modified Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)s

RETRACTED: On Improving Water-Based Drilling Mud Swelling Control Using Modified Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)s

Effect of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the rheology properties of fresh and mechanically degraded hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer solutions

Synthesis and performance evaluation of thermo-thickening/Nano-SiO2 as a viscosifier for bentonite-free water-based drilling fluids

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