Optimization of parameters in vacuum distillation of atmospheric resid

Lebedev, Yu. N.; Chekmenev, V. G.; Zaitseva, T. M.

doi:10.1007/bf00728002

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Mankind continue to develop new distillation techniques to obtain freshwater from wastewater since the social acceptance, health hazards, cost of energy production, population growth and economic development have been still creating a world-wide imbalance between supply and demand of freshwater. Many distillation techniques were presented in the literature (Doherty and Perkins, 1978;Ito and Asano, 1982;Kompaneets et al, 1988;Nikolaides and Malone, 1988;Eckles et al, 1991;Lebedev et al, 1994;Tay et al, 1996; Considering the above important properties of the system in this work, it is said that the natural vacuum distillation system is different from other distillation including vacuum pump and heater. Namely, this system does not contain a vacuum pump and heater to form vacuum in the system and to evaporate the water in the evaporation tank.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Natural vacuum distillation technique—Part I: Theory and Basics

Midilli

Ayhan

2004

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYThis part of the study presents the theory, design and appropriate models of a new distillation system with natural vacuum technique. Natural vacuum distillation (NVD) system is considered as \ (opposite U) to obtain 10.33 m of water elevation and create natural vacuum. Theoretical models of this system are investigated and appropriate models are selected for practice applications. In the scope of this study, the theory and design criteria of NVD system which include balance design and selection of distillation method, natural vacuum formation, balancing and feeding processes are introduced and discussed in detail. Additionally, P-v and T-s diagrams including the process flow of each model are obtained by depending on thermodynamic behaviours of the system. Consequently, the operation height between the tanks and columns should be stable and conserved as 10.33 m of water in order to create the natural vacuum and keep the natural balance of the system for a long time. Hence, the water is transported throughout the system due to the pressure differences between evaporation and distillation parts. The pressure losses that are caused by the water-level differences between tanks and columns should be taken into account and absolutely reduced. Moreover, the system should be definitely operated in the natural vacuum to efficiently conduct the production of distilled water from wastewater with the high temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Natural vacuum distillation technique—Part I: Theory and Basics

Midilli

Ayhan

2004

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…Energy savings, in distillation or in any other process, through alterations in the conventional design are possible if the utilization of available energy for the process can be made more effective (Kayihan, 1980;Mix et al, 1980;Fidkowski and Krolikowski, 1987;Ding and Luyben, 1990;Dunnebier and Pantelides, 1999). Many distillation techniques including the simple, fractional, steam, azotropic and vacuum distillation, etc., were presented in the literature and various applications of distillation methods were conducted by many researchers (Doherty and Perkins, 1978;Ito and Asano, 1982;Doherty and Perkins, 1982;Lucia and Kumar, 1988;Kompaneets et al, 1988;Nikolaides and Malone, 1988;Eckles et al, 1991;Tleimat and Tleimat, 1993;Fonyo and Mizsey, 1994;Lebedev et al, 1994;Zikai and Xiolan, 1996;Tay et al, 1996;Bandini et al, 1997;Majors, 1998;Thomas et al, 1998). Today, most of these techniques are still used to convert seawater or wastewater to drinking water on ships and in arid parts of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Natural vacuum distillation technique—Part II: Experimental investigation

Midilli

Ayhan

2004

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYThis part of the study is concerned with the experimental investigation and uncertainty analysis of natural vacuum distillation process. Natural vacuum distillation (NVD) system is operated in the forms of free and forced mass convection. The experiments are conducted at temperatures of 20 and 408C of network water as fluid in the system. During the experiments, total pressure losses are measured as 15.33 kPa during free mass convection distillation while 14 kPa during forced mass convection distillation. Depending on time and temperature, the ratios of vapour/wastewater (v/ww) free , distilled water/wastewater (dw/ww) forced and total energy/distilled water (te/dw) are experimentally determined. Moreover, the ratios of mass and energy balances are experimentally obtained. Accordingly, it is found that the ratios of (dw) forced /(dw) free vary between 1.4 and 1.6 depending on the wastewater temperatures. In addition, 2.5 kWh kg À1 distilled water is experimentally used in the NVD system with free mass convection while 2.6 kWh kg À1 distilled water in the NVD system with forced mass convection. In case of reduction of heat and pressure losses in the systems, 0.7 kWh is needed for the former while 1.3 kWh of energy is required for the latter.

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