Optimization of Manganese Recovery from a Solution Based on Lithium-Ion Batteries by Solvent Extraction with D2EHPA

Abstract

Manganese is a critical metal for the steelmaking industry, and it is expected that its world demand will be increasingly affected by the growing market of lithium-ion batteries. In addition to the increasing importance of manganese, its recycling is mainly determined by trends in the recycling of iron and steel. The recovery of manganese by solvent extraction has been widely investigated; however, the interaction of different variables affecting the process is generally not assessed. In this study, the solvent extraction of manganese from a solution based on lithium-ion batteries was modeled and optimized using factorial designs of experiments and the response surface methodology. Under optimized conditions (O:A of 1.25:1, pH 3.25, and 0.5 M bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)), extractions above 70% Mn were reached in a single extraction stage with a coextraction of less than 5% Co, which was mostly removed in two scrubbing stages. A stripping product containing around 23 g/L Mn and around 0.3 g/L Co can be obtained under optimized conditions (O:A of 8:1, 1 M H2SO4 and around 13 min of contact time) in one stripping stage.

Recovery of Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni from spent LIBs after Li selective separation by COOL‐Process – Part 2: Solvent Extraction from Sulphate Leaching Solution

“…According to literature, water, NaCl and H 2 SO 4 were chosen as stripping solution for re‐extracting Mn from the organic phase into the aqueous phase, when TBP was used as an extractant 16, 34–36. The stripping experiments were carried out with an A:O ratio of 1, and the results are depicted in Fig.…”

Recycling of Lithium‐Ion Batteries—Current State of the Art, Circular Economy, and Next Generation Recycling

“…The most common method for Mn/Co/Ni separation is solvent extraction. [ 134,151–153 ] The acidic extractant di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) is very often applied for Mn recovery. [ 152,154,155 ] The extractant concentration reported is usually around 0.4–0.5 m D2EHPA diluted in kerosene.…”

“…[ 134,151–153 ] The acidic extractant di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) is very often applied for Mn recovery. [ 152,154,155 ] The extractant concentration reported is usually around 0.4–0.5 m D2EHPA diluted in kerosene. Operation temperature is very often ambient, and the process is performing sufficiently at pH 2.2‐5.…”

Assessment of recycling methods and processes for lithium-ion batteries

“…Solvent extraction is a two-phase system process whereby an organic and aqueous phase are introduced. Uneven distribution of the two phases aids the separation and after leaching, subsequent solvent extracts that are highly selective such as di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) ( Granata et al., 2012b ; Chen et al., 2015 ; Vieceli et al., 2020 ) can separate selected transition metals from the leaching solution which allows the lithium to remain in the solution. Kang et al.…”