Optimization of IEDs Position in MV Smart Grids through Integer Linear Programming

Abstract

In the paper, an analytical method for determining the optimal positioning of intelligent electronic devices in medium voltage grids is proposed. Intelligent electronic devices are automated devices able to communicate one with each other and command the circuit breaker in order to localize and isolate a line fault as fast as possible. However, the number of intelligent electronic devices to install has to be limited, due to the relevant installation costs and the reduction in the transmission bandwidth caused by the increased number of exchanged messages. So, the electrical distributor has to carefully detect the nodes of the grid where the intelligent electronic devices have to be installed. The authors propose a method based on integer linear programming, which, given the number of intelligent electronic devices to install, finds their optimal position, i.e., the one that minimizes the penalties associated with the power down experienced by customers. In order to highlight the offered advantages in terms of computational effort, the proposed approach has been assessed with a real medium voltage grid.

The Branch-and-Bound Algorithm in Optimizing Mathematical Programming Models to Achieve Power Grid Observability

“…PMUs must be installed at vertices with a maximum degree of connectivity to maximize coverage [5,50]. The investigation of the OPP problem involves deriving an optimal solution, wherein each power network node is assessed using the Bus Observability Index (BOI) as a measurement index [22].…”

“…This index for a network node is a measuring parameter that determines whether the bus is observed directly or indirectly [22]. The summation of BOI is the SORI, and it is more appropriate for the maximum observability network [22,[33][34][35]39,41,46,50]. Those indices are used to estimate the relative excellence of optimal PMU arrangements [50].…”

“…The summation of BOI is the SORI, and it is more appropriate for the maximum observability network [22,[33][34][35]39,41,46,50]. Those indices are used to estimate the relative excellence of optimal PMU arrangements [50]. The steps in relation to the algorithm for counting the maximum network observability are summarized as follows:…”

“…An ILP-based method deliver the number of the intelligent monitoring devices and their best optimal sites in [50].…”

Optimization and Performance Assessment of a Logic Selectivity Solution Based on LoRa Communication

“…As an example, the Italian electricity distributor has planned to install the optical fiber along its MV lines. Since the installation times are high and, in some areas such as the rural ones, uneconomical, the authors in [9][10][11] proposed a logic selectivity system based on LoRa technology, which has the ease of installation of the wireless networks, but considerable coverage and reliability [12].…”