Optimization of humic acid removal by adsorption onto bentonite and montmorillonite nanoparticles

One-, Two-, and Three-Parameter Isotherms, Kinetics, and Thermodynamic Evaluation of Co(II) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Dead Neem Leaves

“…Similar EDX results of [39] showed that neem leaf powder contains mainly C and O and small amounts of Ca, Mg, K, P, and S. FTIR analysis characterizes materials and is especially useful in recognizing inorganic mixtures. Also like Raman spectroscopy, FTIR can provide the molecular and structural information about organic and inorganic materials [8,40]. e FTIR spectrum of DNL from 4000 to 400 cm − 1 is shown in Figure 1.…”

“…e contents of the flask which included Co(II) of desired concentration and given mass of DNL was stirred on a heating plate at different time intervals. e influence of contact time was studied at three initial Co(II) concentrations (10, 100, and 500 mg/L), pH (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), DNL mass (0.05-0.4), and temperature (25-60°C). After predetermined intervals, the solution was filtered using Whatman filter paper No 1, and the equilibrium concentration of Co(II) remaining in solution determined using a UV/visible spectrophotometer (spectro 23RS, labo med.inc) at 400 nm (predetermined) by complexing with concentrated aqueous ammonia.…”

“…However, the efficiency of adsorption is highly dependent on the solid adsorbent responsible for fixing the pollutant on its surface. Activated carbon has been the most widely used adsorbent in water and wastewater treatment, but its use has some major drawbacks resulting from its high production cost and the need for regeneration accompanied by management of resulting sludge [8]. ere is therefore the need worldwide for low-cost adsorbents such as clay [8], Musa paradisiaca and Ipomoea batatas peels [9,10], leaf-based adsorbents [11], and modified chitosan [12] for heavy metals and other contaminants adsorption from water and wastewater.…”

“…Activated carbon has been the most widely used adsorbent in water and wastewater treatment, but its use has some major drawbacks resulting from its high production cost and the need for regeneration accompanied by management of resulting sludge [8]. ere is therefore the need worldwide for low-cost adsorbents such as clay [8], Musa paradisiaca and Ipomoea batatas peels [9,10], leaf-based adsorbents [11], and modified chitosan [12] for heavy metals and other contaminants adsorption from water and wastewater. ere is particularly an increasing trend towards the use of waste biomass materials as adsorbents for heavy metal removal from water and wastewater because of their abundant availability and low cost, with relatively high fixed carbon, presence of porous structure, and high content in cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, etc.…”

Enhanced Removal of Dissolved Humic Acid from Water Using Eco‐Friendly Phenylalanine‐Modified‐Chitosan Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles

“…In addition, it also has a high potential for the formation of carcinogenic organic disinfection by‐products after chlorination. Therefore, the advanced treatment of humic acid is necessarily required prior to the usage of water or the discharge of wastewater into the environment …”