Optimization of Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for Determination of Trace Cadmium, Lead and Nickel in Urine

Lin, Shan-Meei

doi:10.2116/analsci.7.155

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The values of Pb in all three biological samples of steel mill paralysis workers are higher compared to the results obtained by other workers in the same field [65]. The exposed mean value of lead in urine samples was 58.8±21.3 μg/L as reported by Lin [66] and 71.7±26.3 μg/L as reported by Burguera et al [67]. These values are lower than our results (p<0.01).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, Manganese and Zinc in Biological Samples of Paralysed Steel Mill Workers with Related to Controls

Afridi

Kazi

et al. 2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The determination of essential trace and toxic elements in the biological samples of human beings is an important clinical screening procedure. This study aimed to assess the possible effects of environmental exposure on paralysed male workers (n = 75) belonging to the production and quality control departments of a steel mill. In this investigation, the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, manganese and zinc were determined in biological samples (blood, urine and scalp hair samples) of exposed paralysis and non-paralysed steel mill workers. For comparative purposes, unexposed healthy subjects of same age group were selected as referents. The elements in the biological samples were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry prior to microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity of the methodology was checked by the biological certified reference materials. The results indicate that the level understudy elements in all three biological samples were significantly higher in paralysed workers of both groups (quality control and production) as compared to referents (p < 0.01). The possible connection of these elements with the aetiology of disease is discussed. The results also show the need for immediate improvements of workplace ventilation and industrial hygiene practices.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, Manganese and Zinc in Biological Samples of Paralysed Steel Mill Workers with Related to Controls

Afridi

Kazi

et al. 2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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show abstract

“…The values of Pb in all three biological samples of steel mill workers are higher compared to the results obtained by other workers in the same field (Pan et al, 1993). The exposed mean value of lead in urine samples were 58.89/21.3 mg/L as reported by Lin (1991) and 71.79/26.3 mg/L, as reported by Burguera et al, (1986). These values are lower than our results (PB/0.01).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Evaluation of toxic metals in biological samples (scalp hair, blood and urine) of steel mill workers by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

et al. 2006

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The determination of toxic metals in the biological samples of human beings is an important clinical screening procedure. This study aimed to assess the possible influence of environmental exposure on production workers (PW) and quality control workers (QCW) of a steel mill, all male subjects aged 25-55 years. In this investigation, the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni and Cr were determined in biological samples (blood, urine and scalp hair samples) from these steel mill workers in relation to controlled unexposed healthy subjects of the same age group. After pre-treatment with nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide, the samples were digested via a microwave oven, and for comparison purposes, the same samples were digested by the conventional wet acid digestion method. The samples digested were subjected to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). To assess the reliability of these methods, critical factors, such as detection limit(s), calibration range(s), accuracy and precision, were studied. Quality control for these procedures was established with certified sample of human hair, urine and whole blood. The results indicate that the level of lead, cadmium and nickel in scalp hair, blood and urine samples were significantly higher in both groups of exposed workers (QW and PW) than those of the controls. The possible connection of these elements with the etiology of disease is discussed. The results also show the need for immediate improvements in workplace ventilation and industrial hygiene practices.

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“…The well known and widely used procedures for Ni determination in serum need prior protein precipitation, using nitric acid [15,16,17,18,19], Triton X-100 [17,18] or trichloracetic acid [1] and ETAAS measurement of Ni in protein-free supernatant. Experiments performed showed that direct ETAAS measurement of Ni in serum is almost impossible, due to very high values of background absorption.…”

Section: Etaas Measurement Of Ni In Serummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although direct spectrometric determination is therefore preferable, matrix interferences were seen as limiting factors in this case. In many papers some of these problems are overcome by using prior sample dilution with water [12], Triton X-100 [13,14], nitric acid [15,16] or by a mixture of nitric acid and Triton X-100 [10,17,18]. Chemical modifiers (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 [7,10] or Pd [2,5,6]) have also been recommended for Ni ETAAS determination in blood serum and urine samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ETAAS determination of nickel in serum and urine

2002

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Methods for the direct determination of Ni in human blood serum and urine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) are described. Hydrogen peroxide was proposed as matrix modifier, assisting thermal decomposition of proteins during the ashing step. A pyrolysis temperature of 1,200 degrees C was found to be optimal while 2,100 degrees C and 2,200 degrees C were found to be optimal atomizing temperatures for Ni in serum and urine respectively. Calibration was performed by using a calibration curve prepared with aqueous standard solutions of Ni (glycine must be used as modifier for Ni in aqueous solutions). The limits of detection, defined as the blank values plus 3 times the standard deviation of the blank values, were 0.2 microg/L for both serum and urine samples. Relative standard deviations for serum samples with concentrations of Ni in the range 0.5-2 microg/L were 10-15% and for urine samples with Ni concentrations in the range 0.5-2.5 microg/L were 8-10%.

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Optimization of Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for Determination of Trace Cadmium, Lead and Nickel in Urine

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, Manganese and Zinc in Biological Samples of Paralysed Steel Mill Workers with Related to Controls

Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, Manganese and Zinc in Biological Samples of Paralysed Steel Mill Workers with Related to Controls

Evaluation of toxic metals in biological samples (scalp hair, blood and urine) of steel mill workers by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

ETAAS determination of nickel in serum and urine

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