Optimization of fuel recovery through the stepwise co-pyrolysis of palm shell and scrap tire

Abnisa, Faisal; Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2015.04.030

Cited by 109 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The co-pyrolysis of oily waste and wood waste produced an oil mixture with two phases including a black immiscible liquid likely due to the oil derived from wood waste. Other studies reported similar phase separation, with oils produced from oily sludge/wood waste blends having two phases (an upper phase and a bottom phase) (Abnisa and Wan Daud, 2015;Hu et al, 2017;Samanya et al, 2012). In this study, the bottom black immiscible liquid phase was not observed in the oil produced from the pyrolysis of oily waste alone, indicating that this phase was originated from the wood waste.…”

Section: Tph Recovery Ratesupporting

confidence: 77%

“…As seen in Figure 4.3(c), the TPH recovery decreased a b c with increasing hog fuel ratio in the feedstock. Abnisa and Wan Daud (2015) found lower experimental yield of TPH than the calculated yield when studying the fuel recovery from copyrolysis of palm shell and scrap tire. Similar trends were reported in other co-pyrolysis studies (Hu et al, 2017;Krerkkaiwan et al, 2013;Park et al, 2010;Song et al, 2014).…”

Section: Tph Recovery Ratementioning

confidence: 74%

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Novel treatment and value-added utilization of oily sludge using ionic liquid and pyrolysis

Tian¹

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The effective treatment of oily sludge has been a challenging problem faced by the petroleum industry worldwide. It is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons, water, metallic ions, and suspended fine solids. The recalcitrant nature of oily sludge makes the treatment a difficult and costly task. The objective of this dissertation research was to develop environmentally friendly and economically competitive techniques for oily sludge treatment. Three different approaches were developed: ionic liquid (IL)-enhanced solvent extraction, co-pyrolysis with wood waste, and value-added utilization of oily sludge as sorbent to remove lead (Pb 2+) and cadmium (Cd 2+) from solution. Firstly, as compared to conventional solvent extraction, the ILenhanced solvent extraction not only improved oil recovery efficiency but also greatly reduced solvent and energy consumption as well as shortening the treatment duration even at low IL concentration. Secondly, co-pyrolysis of oily waste and hog fuel was conducted in a fixed bed reactor. Three experimental parameters (pyrolysis temperature, reaction time, and hog fuel addition) were explored to optimize both oil recovery and metal ion immobilization. The latter was tested through sequential extraction techniques with high temperature pyrolysis leading to metal ions fixed within the residues. The addition of hog fuel had a significant synergistic effect on the distribution of metal ions in the various extraction fractions resulting in lower risk index (RI) values. Thirdly, the oily sludge-derived char (OS500) obtained at 500 °C could effectively remove Pb 2+ from solution with the maximum sorption capacity of 373.2 mg/g (based on a Langmuir model). Sorption of Pb 2+ by the OS500 was mainly attributed to its precipitation with carbonate (CO3 2-) originating in OS500. The maximum sorption capacity for Cd 2+ , using a Langmuir model, was 23.19 mg/g. Complexation and metal ion exchange dominated Cd 2+ sorption on OS500. The Pb 2+ sorption capacity dramatically decreased as the iii pyrolysis temperature increased from 500 to 900 °C due to the decomposition of minerals which could release CO3 2at high temperature. The activated OS500 showed a higher sorption capacity (90.06 mg/g) for Cd 2+ than OS500 (23.95 mg/g) because conversion of barite (BaSO4) to witherite (BaCO3) after chemical activation favored the precipitation of Cd-carbonate. iv CO-AUTHORSHIP For all the chapters in this dissertation, I was the principal investigator including design of studies, acquisition of data, and analysis of data. I wrote the manuscripts and was responsible for incorporating comments and feedbacks in the revised manuscripts. Dr. Jianbing Li supervised the experiments and contributed to experimental design, data analysis, and revision of the manuscripts. He is included in authorship on all resulting publications. Dr. Bill McGill and Dr. Todd Whitcombe contributed to the design and implementation of experiments and helped review and improve the manuscripts, so they were included in some of my publications. Dr. ...

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Section: Tph Recovery Ratesupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Tph Recovery Ratementioning

confidence: 74%

Novel treatment and value-added utilization of oily sludge using ionic liquid and pyrolysis

Tian¹

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“…Thus, the temperature at the maximum pyrolysis rate was backwards (Wang and Zhao 2016). At this stage, the hemicellulose and cellulose underwent complete degradation and the lignin was gradually transformed into coke (Abnisa and Wan 2015;Montiano et al 2016). Meanwhile, the recorded maximum weight loss rates were 2.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

Thermal and Kinetic Behaviors of Fallen Leaves and Waste Tires Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

et al. 2017

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Thermal decomposition characteristics and kinetic parameters of fallen leaves (FLs), waste tires (WTs), and their blends (1:1 weight ratio) were investigated. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted with four different heating rates of 5 °C/min, 10 °C/min, 20 °C/min, and 40 °C/min from 35 °C to 800 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) curves indicated that the three samples were mainly degraded in a wide temperature range of 350 °C to 450 °C, and that a greater weight loss rate corresponded to a higher heating rate. An elemental analysis demonstrated that FLs/WTs blends embraced a maximum calorific value that reached 25.24 MJ/kg. Two model-free methods, iso-conversional Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) were applied on the TGA data of samples to calculate the activation energies. The results showed that the average activation energies of the same feedstock based on KAS and FWO methods were approximately the same, with the highest error within 1.6%. Then, the activation energies obtained were introduced in the Coats/Redfern (CR) model-fitting method to derive the pre-exponential factors, based on first order rate of reaction.

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“…Faced with this challenge, new types of energy are in demand and the energy structure needs to be changed . Biomass has been considered to be one of the most valuable substitutes due to its wide availability and low cost . Bamboo, as an important part of biomass, is widely distributed in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3,4] Biomass has been considered to be one of the most valuable substitutes due to its wide availability and low cost. [5,24] Bamboo,a sa ni mportant part of biomass,i sw idely distributed in China. In addition, utilization of bamboo through recycling is ag ood way to benefit the local rural economy.T he overall output will increase to $48 billion by 2020 based on the China Bamboo Industry DevelopmentP lan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Bamboo over Micro‐mesoporous Composite Molecular Sieves

Zhong

Zhang

et al. 2018

Energy Tech

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To upgrade biocrude oils from biomass pyrolysis, a novel micro‐mesoporous composite molecular sieve with HZSM‐5 structure as the core and MCM‐41 structure as the shell is synthesized and utilized. The synthesized hierarchical catalyst is characterized using X‐ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, and transmission electron microscopy. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of bamboo over the composite molecular sieve is implemented using quantitative pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py‐GC/MS). The experimental results demonstrate that the highest relative content of hydrocarbons (34.41 %) is obtained at 600 °C when bamboo is pyrolyzed by only HZSM‐5, which has significant shape‐selective effect on the products of aromatic hydrocarbons but is easily coked. When a two‐layer catalyst bed of MCM‐41 and HZSM‐5 is used to obtaining higher catalytic activity, the two‐layer catalyst bed is capable of the promotion of hydrocarbon production with a relative content of 41.44 % because the hierarchical catalyst has higher flexibility than the two‐layer catalyst bed. It is found that the concentration of alkali solution used significantly influences the catalytic effects of composite molecular sieve. Additionally, the catalyzed transformation of oxygenated chemicals into hydrocarbons can be facilitated with the utilization of hexadecyl trim‐ethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) in comparison with NaOH.

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Optimization of fuel recovery through the stepwise co-pyrolysis of palm shell and scrap tire

Cited by 109 publications

References 48 publications

Novel treatment and value-added utilization of oily sludge using ionic liquid and pyrolysis

Novel treatment and value-added utilization of oily sludge using ionic liquid and pyrolysis

Thermal and Kinetic Behaviors of Fallen Leaves and Waste Tires Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Bamboo over Micro‐mesoporous Composite Molecular Sieves

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