Optimization of fucoxanthin extraction obtained from natural by-products from Undaria pinnatifida stem using supercritical CO2 extraction method

Abstract

In the recent years, edible brown seaweed, Undaria pinnatifida, has presented beneficial effects, which may be correlated with this species containing major bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, fatty acids, and phytosterols. Marine carotenoid fucoxanthin is abundantly present in edible Undaria pinnatifida and features strong bioactive activities. The stem of Undaria pinnatifida is very hard to gnaw off and cannot be swallowed; therefore, it is usually discarded as waste, making it an environmental issue. Hence, making full use of the waste stem of Undaria pinnatifida is an urgent motivation. The present study aims to explore the optimal preparation technology of fucoxanthin from Undaria pinnatifida stems using supercritical carbon dioxide methods and provides approaches for the extraction and preparation of bioactive compounds from a waste seaweed part. With the comprehensive optimization conditions applied in this study, the experimental yield of fucoxanthin agreed closely with the predicted value by > 99.3%. The potential of α-amylase and glucoamylase to inhibit bioactive compounds was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the inhibition activity (IC50 value) of α-amylase (0.1857 ± 0.0198 μg/ml) and glucoamylase (0.1577 ± 0.0186 μg/ml) varied with extraction conditions due to the different contents of bioactive components in the extract, especially fucoxanthin (22.09 ± 0.69 mg/g extract). Therefore, this study confirmed supercritical fluid extraction technology to be a useful sample preparation method, which can effectively be used to prepare fucoxanthin from waste marine resources. This method can potentially be applied in functional food and related industries.

Algal Carotenoids: Chemistry, Sources, and Application

“…Fucoxanthin and the other carotenoids were isolated from different species of brown algae using different extraction and detection methods that resulted in different concentrations. Again, the most commonly used method to isolate carotenoids was CSE, followed by UAE [62,[92][93][94], but the use of other methods has also been reported [94][95][96]. In addition, hexane and alcoholic solvents were used in most cases (Table 3).…”

A Review on Supercritical Fluid Extraction

“…Mari et al [66] evaluated the effects of SFE on the recovery of bioactive and antioxidant compounds using Coccomyxa onubensis, by studying variables such as extraction yield, lutein purity and recovery, total phenols and antioxidant capacity using a Box-Behnken design based on a response surface methodology along with the overall extraction curve fitted to a spline linear model. A study aims to explore the optimal preparation technology of fucoxanthin from Undaria pinnatifida stems using supercritical carbon dioxide methods and provides approaches for the extraction and preparation of bioactive compounds from a waste seaweed part [67].…”

Fucoxanthin diminishes oxidative stress damage in human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf-2 pathway

“…Fucoxanthin decreases ROS levels, inhibits DNA damage, restores mitochondrial membrane potential, and suppresses apoptosis in human keratinocytes 15 , 16 . Undaria pinnatifida contains several beneficial substances, including fucoxanthin 17 . Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) treated with U. pinnatifida extract exhibited elevated expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) 18 .…”