“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] Production of bioactive enzymatic hydrolysates ( peptides) from sea cucumber has been by conventional methods (EH-offline MS), which may result in the inadequate conversion of raw material into products (low protein conversion degree), low peptide yield, and high production costs. 15,19,20 The presence of mutable collagenous tissue in the body wall of sea cucumber results in its high substrate viscosity, which generates steric impediment to enzymes during conventional enzymolysis. 21 Furthermore, various studies (Rios et al, 2004; Guo et al, 2020) 2,6 have demonstrated that one major drawback in ultrafiltration membrane separation is membrane fouling, which is caused by insoluble protein residues clogging the pores of the membrane and limiting its efficacy.…”