Optimization of cost effective culture medium for Sporosarcina pasteurii as biocementing agent using response surface methodology: Up cycling dairy waste and seawater

Abstract

Optimization of cost effective culture medium for Sporosarcina pasteurii as biocementing agent using response surface methodology: Up cycling dairy waste and seawater. Journal of Cleaner Production, 253, https://doi.Biological precipitation of calcium carbonate using Sporosarcina pasteurii, has been developed in the recent decades for the civil applications such as improvement of soil engineering parameters, crack repair in concrete and remediation of contaminated soil. In order to facilitate the application of this method, cost optimization and production simplification are the main challenges. In this study, optimization of culture media in order to reducing the cost of production of urease bacteria and achieving an ecofriendly process were investigated. Therefore, inexpensive nutrients and water resources were used in composition of the culture media and sanitized media were examined instead of sterilized ones. A central composite design was used to design required tests to investigate yeast extract, whey, heating temperature and the Caspian Sea water effects. The response surface method predicated that the maximum specific urease activity (16.50 mm urea.min-1.OD-1) could be achieved at 9.94 g.l-1 yeast extract, 23.43 g.l-1 whey, heating temperature of 128.6 °C and 0% seawater. When the medium contained 12.31 g.l-1 yeast extract, 23.43 g.l-1 whey and 0% seawater was sanitized by heating at 100.0 °C, 64% of optimum specific urease activity was reserved; and it could improve the unconfined compressive strength of a poorly graded sand up to 520 kPa. In case of using the Caspian Sea water as the solvent of culture media, the specific urease activity changes could be ignored. Application of whey as a nutrient source has shown promising results that could relieve some environmental and economic concerns. This approach is promising to achieve an ecofriendly biocementation technology for large scale applications.

Revealing nutritional requirements of MICP-relevant Sporosarcina pasteurii DSM33 for growth improvement in chemically defined and complex media

“…Growth in their chemically defined medium was similar to growth observed in complex media 18 . Additionally, some cultivation experiments are using waste water from manifold sources as cultivation medium 17 , 19 . This approach is expected to be profitable, as waste water can be seen as a very cheap or even free resource for industrial scale cultivation.…”

Biomineralization Induced by Cells of Sporosarcina pasteurii: Mechanisms, Applications and Challenges

“…Fortunately, several costeffective alternatives were discovered and analysed. As a nutrient source, some waste products of the food industry are suitable substitutes typically found at a bargain price and in large amounts, including whey powder from cheese production [98,99], lactose from the dairy industry [100] and corn steep liquor from corn starch processing [101]. Additionally, chicken manure was also utilized as a cultivation medium for S. pasteurii cells [102].…”

“…As a replacement for highly pure synthetic urea, both pig urine and human urine were investigated in biomineralization for cost reduction [16,104]. Even distilled water was successfully replaced with Caspian seawater, saving costs during the large-scale distilled water preparation of biomineralization [98]. Looking forward, more sources and proportions of other components, such as calcium and supplementary reagents, still require further optimization for low-cost and high-quality applications [90,105].…”

Recent development in biogeotechnology and its engineering applications

“…Organic waste can be a nutrient source for both bacteria growth and fermenting microorganisms in large-scale applications to diminish the cost. Some studies proposed to cultivate the bacteria in non-sterile conditions [45,209] or using inexpensive technical-grade reagents [306], food-grade yeast medium [307], and sanitized media with inexpensive nutrients and water resources [308] to reduce the cost for the in situ application. Using limestone powder derived from aggregate quarries and disposed of industrial biofuel acid to produce calcium source for biocementation can be a cost-effective and sustainable method [126].…”