“…The cell wall of filamentous algae, such as P. oedogonia, consists of macromolecules, such as cellulose and other compounds, such as b-1, 4-glucopyroside [26][27][28][29]. Moreover, storage compounds, such as amylase and amyl pectin may also be present on the cell wall [30,31]. These compounds possess many functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, etc.…”