Optimization of Chemical Deposition of HgSe films

Abstract

The process of HgSe films synthesis by a chemical deposition method, has been investigated. The optimized synthesis parameters were determined by gravimetric measurements. The phase composition, optical properties and surface morphology of HgSe films were studied.

Hydrochemical Synthesis and Properties of Mercury Sulfide (HgS) and Mercury Selenide (HgSe) Thin Films

“…Therefore, the selection of a synthesis method becomes crucial to enable the production of films with reproducible properties. Currently, films of mercury chalcogenides, heterostructures, and solid solutions based on them have been successfully produced using a variety of methods, including vacuum deposition [26], magnetron sputtering [27], csathodic deposition [28], radiofrequency deposition [29], molecular beam epitaxy, and liquid phase epitaxy [30], electrochemical deposition [31][32][33], metalorganic compound deposition from the gas phase [27,30,[34][35][36], spray pyrolysis [37], and chemical solution deposition [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

“…A substantial number of works focus on the synthesis of mercury chalcogenide films at temperatures ranging from 0 to 40 ℃ [38,42,44,45,[47][48][49][50][51]54,56], whereas fewer studies concentrate on synthesis at temperatures from 60 to 90 ℃ [39,43,46,52,53,55,57]. Authors [47,49,51] additionally conducted reagent mixing at 5 ℃ with a subsequent temperature increase to room temperature over several hours.…”

“…For the synthesis of HgS, HgSe, and HgSSe films, various mercury salts were employed as the source of mercury ions. These included mercury acetate [39,42], mercury nitrate [43,44,47,49,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57], mercury chloride [38,40,41,45,46], and HgO [48,50]. Authors utilized diverse complexing agents such as ammonia [44,47,49,51], ammonium citrate [45], iodide [38,55], triethanolamine (TEA) [42,46] formamide [48,50], sodium thiosulfate [54], potassium thiocyanate [56] and thiourea [52,53,57].…”

“…These included mercury acetate [39,42], mercury nitrate [43,44,47,49,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57], mercury chloride [38,40,41,45,46], and HgO [48,50]. Authors utilized diverse complexing agents such as ammonia [44,47,49,51], ammonium citrate [45], iodide [38,55], triethanolamine (TEA) [42,46] formamide [48,50], sodium thiosulfate [54], potassium thiocyanate [56] and thiourea [52,53,57]. Chalcogenizing reagents consisted of sodium sulfide [38], thiourea [38,42,52], sodium thiosulfate [40,41,43,51], sodium selenosulfate [44][45][46]…”

“…The synthesis conditions were maintained at different pH levels of the working solution, namely 2-3 [41], 5.74-7.12 [52], 7.1 [53], 7.02-7.20 [57], 8 [42], 8.51-8.68 [54], 9 [49], 9.5 [55], 9.8 [56], 10 [44,47], 10.5 [45,48,51], and 11 [43,50]. Authors [38] also investigated the influence of the ratio [𝑂𝐻 − ]/[𝐻𝑔𝑌 4…”