Optimization of catalyst ink composition for the preparation of a membrane electrode assembly in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using the decal transfer

Jung, Chang Young; Kim, Wha-Jung; Yi, Sung Chul

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.013

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The actual printing of the ink on the components can be realised at a large scale by two processes: (a) screen-printing or (b) inkjet printing (Towne et al, 2007). An additional step can be introduced for CCM manufacturing by forming the catalyst layer on a Teflon support before transferring it onto the membrane by hot pressing (Jung et al, 2012). If the screen-printing process is used, viscous alcohols are added to the ink to obtain a paste.…”

Section: Mea Production Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental assessment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell platinum catalyst recycling

Duclos

Lupsea

Mandil

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

International audienceA proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, an alternative to combustion processes that consume fossil resources, is used to convert energy stored in the form of hydrogen into electricity. The membrane-electrode assembly (MEA), the core of this system, contains platinum, a noble metal, which is a limited resource. This paper presents an environmental assessment of a recycling process for the platinum catalyst contained in the MEA of a PEM fuel cell. During this study, four hydrometallurgical platinum recovery processes from Pt/C particles have been developed at the laboratory scale. The considered process alternatives are composed of the four following steps: leaching, separation, precipitation and filtration. Approximately 76% of the platinum can be recovered as [NH4]2PtCl6 salt using the most efficient process alternatives. In this case, platinum leaching is carried out with a mixture of H2O2 and HCl, followed by liquid/liquid platinum extraction and a precipitation step.The environmental assessment was performed using the SimaPro 8 tool coupled with the EcoInvent 3.1 database. The environmental impacts were estimated for a 25 cm2 active area MEA considering the production and end-of-life stages of the MEA life-cycle using the CML-IA baseline V3.02 method. The results show that more than half of the main impacts of the MEA life-cycle can be avoided for four relevant impact categories if platinum is recovered in the end-of-life of the product

show abstract

Section: Mea Production Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental assessment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell platinum catalyst recycling

Duclos

Lupsea

Mandil

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[8][9][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Unfortunately, none of these results are directly comparable to each other due to different components studied. While this solvent effect on cast properties has been 4 established, there is currently a lack of understanding of the interactions between the catalyst, solvent, and PFSA present in the ink.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherent Acidity of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Ionomer Dispersions and Implications for Ink Aggregation

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Perfluorosulfonic-acid (PFSA) dispersions are used as components in a variety of electrochemical technologies, particularly in fuel-cell catalyst-layer inks. In this study, we characterize dispersions of a common PFSA, Nafion, as well as inks of Nafion and carbon. It is shown that solvent choice affects a dispersion's measured pH, which is found to scale linearly with Nafion loading. Dispersions in water-rich solvents are more acidic than those in propanolrich solvents: a 90% water versus 30% water dispersion can have up to a 55% measured proton deviation. Furthermore, because electrostatic interactions are a function of pH, these differences affect how particles aggregate in solution. Despite having different water contents, all inks studied demonstrate the same particle size and surface charge trends as a function of pH, thus providing insights into the relative influence of solvent and pH effects on these properties.3

show abstract

“…In contrast to those mass transport effects, a loss of electronic contact is feared that could decrease the cell performance and its durability [8]. Studies regarding the impact of various solvents [10] and the carbon-to-PFSA ratio [11] on electrode properties have been conducted, but cracks are still understood to be an intrinsic property of solvents and evaporation rates and are difficult to control during the drying process. For investigating the impact of cracks on the electrode properties, a method for controlling crack formation during layer formation is desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layer Formation from Polymer Carbon-Black Dispersions

Scheepers

Stähler

et al. 2018

Coatings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been well-established that effects such as cracking are observable when wet layers are dried. In particular, the layer thickness, as well as the surface tension of the liquid, is responsible for this behavior. The layer formation of polymer electrolyte fuel cells and electrolyzer electrodes, however, has not yet been analyzed in relation to these issues, even though the effect of cracks on cell performance and durability has been frequently discussed. In this paper, water propanol polymer-containing carbon-black dispersions are analyzed in situ with regard to their composition during drying. We demonstrate that crack behavior can be steered by slight variations in the initial dispersion when the solvent mixture is near the dynamic azeotropic point. This minor adjustment may strongly affect the drying behavior, leading to either propanol or water-enriched liquid phases at the end of the drying process. If the evaporation of the solvent results in propanol enrichment, the critical layer thickness at which cracks occur will be increased by about 30% due to a decrease in the capillary pressure. Microscopic images indicate that the crack area ratio and width depend on the wet layer thickness and initial liquid phase composition. These results are of much value for future electrode fabrication, as cracks affect electrode properties.

show abstract

Optimization of catalyst ink composition for the preparation of a membrane electrode assembly in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using the decal transfer

Cited by 46 publications

References 31 publications

Environmental assessment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell platinum catalyst recycling

Environmental assessment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell platinum catalyst recycling

Inherent Acidity of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Ionomer Dispersions and Implications for Ink Aggregation

Layer Formation from Polymer Carbon-Black Dispersions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About