Optimization of carotenoids extraction from blue crab (Portunus pelagicus ) and shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus ) wastes using organic solvents and vegetable oils

Abstract

Extraction of carotenoids from crustacean wastes was optimized in this research by the response surface methodology via organic solvent extraction (OSE) and vegetable oil extraction (VOE). Among the solvents, acetone and sunflower oil had the highest amount of carotenoid yield. The OSE and VOE were optimally applied to extract crab wastes by a solvent ratio of 4:1 (v/w) when the extraction was repeated 5 times (9.777 µg/g) and the oil to waste ratio was 5:1 at 78°C in 95 min (0.372 µg/g), respectively. The optimal conditions for extracting shrimp wastes were at a solvent ratio of 6:1 (v/w) by repeating the extraction 4 times (81.798 µg/g) and the oil to waste ratio was 5:1 at 40°C in 180 min (5.553 µg/g), respectively. Results revealed that the extraction of carotenoids by the OSE method is more efficient than the VOE method, and the amount of carotenoid yield in shrimp wastes is higher than crab wastes. Practical applications Shrimps and crabs are one of the most important natural sources of carotenoids among crustaceans. Crab and shrimp wastes could be used as the cheapest raw materials for carotenoid recovery, and also as an alternative to synthetic carotenoids. The recovery of these valuable components from the waste could improve the economy for crustacean processors and minimize the pollution potential of these wastes.

Vegetable oils as green solvents for carotenoid extraction from pumpkin (Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber) byproducts: Optimization of extraction parameters

“…The results obtained in our research indicate that the developed method for carotenoid extraction from pumpkin pulp with canola oil obtained good extractions yields (373.2 µg/g) compared to those obtained in shrimp waste (27.6 µg/g) by Sachindra and Mahendrakar (2005), and by Hooshmand et al. (2017) in blue crab waste (0.37 µg/g) using sunflower oil as a solvent.…”

“…The experimental value for CEY (373.2 µg β-carotene equivalents/g of DPP, 61.2%) obtained under optimal conditions was in good agreement with the estimated value by the RSM-based model, which confirms the validity of the developed model to effectively predict carotenoid extraction from pumpkin pulp using canola oil as a solvent. Different studies (Hooshmand et al, 2017;Kunthakudee et al, 2019;Sachindra & Mahendrakar, 2005) have shown that usually the extraction process is optimized by controlling the solvent/material ratio, extraction temperature, and time, which indicates that these parameters are critical to maximizing the CEY from natural sources. The results obtained in our research indicate that the developed method for carotenoid extraction from pumpkin pulp with canola oil obtained good extractions yields (373.2 µg/g) compared to those obtained in shrimp waste (27.6 µg/g) by Sachindra and Mahendrakar (2005), and by Hooshmand et al (2017) in blue crab waste (0.37 µg/g) using sunflower oil as a solvent.…”

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of astaxanthin from green tiger (Penaeus semisulcatus) shrimp shell

“…These values are considerably higher than found in other seafood. Hooshmand et al [9] reported extraction of carotenoids from by-products of blue crab ( Portunus pelagicus ) and shrimp ( Penaeus semisulcatus ) using hexane, isopropyl alcohol or acetone individually and the mixture of hexane and acetone (1:1 v/v) and hexane and isopropyl alcohol (1:1 v/v) and reported the highest yield (6.63 and 61.32 µg/g for blue crab and shrimp, respectively) with acetone. They also extracted carotenoids from by-products of blue crab ( Portunus pelagicus ) and shrimp ( Penaeus semisulcatus ) using different edible oils (sesame, sunflower, soybean and rice bran) with sunflower oil resulting in the highest yield (0.21 and 4.03 µg/g for blue crab and shrimp, respectively).…”

“…Different solvents such as n-hexane-isopropyl alcohol (6:4 v/v) [11] , acetone and n-hexane: isopropyl alcohol (1:1 v/v) [12] , acetone and petroleum ether, acetone, and water (15:75:10) [13] and edible oils (such as sunflower oil, soybean oil, etc.) [14] , [9] have been used to extract astaxanthin from shrimp and crab wastes. However, the choice of appropriate solvents (low viscosity and higher solubility with adequate stability) and extraction method are important factors for the efficient extraction of astaxanthin from various sources with high purity and bioactivity [15] .…”

Protein and cellulose level in diet: Effects on enzymatic activity, metabolite and amino acid profiles in freshwater anomuransAegla uruguayana(Decapoda: Anomura)

“…Freshwater decapods are organisms widely used in aquaculture with different applications and intentions (FAO, ). There are several species recognized worldwide for their commercial value as a product for human consumption (Phillips, Hanson, Dasgupta, & Ohs, ; Pillay & Kutty, ), as a nutritive material to produce food for other species of commercial interest, for the extraction of astaxanthin, for the nutrition of farmed fish (Hooshmand, Shabanpour, Moosavi‐Nasab, & Golmakani, ; Lim, Yusoff, Shariff, & Kamarudin, ; Ribeiro, Genofre, & McNamara, ), and extraction of chitosan for various purposes (Mármol, Gutiérrez, Páez, Ferrer, & Rincón, ), and as species of interest for the ornamental market (Panne Huidobro, ).…”