Optimization of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Biodiesel Production Process from One Genotype of Rapeseed (TERI (OE) R-983) as a Novel Feedstock Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

In recent years, due to the favorable climate conditions of Iran, the cultivation of rapeseed has increased significantly. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of biodiesel production from one genotype of rapeseed (TERI (OE) R-983). An ultrasonic approach was used in order to intensify the reaction. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to identify the optimum conditions of the process. The results of this research showed that the conversion of biodiesel was found to be 87.175% under the optimized conditions of a 4.63:1 molar ratio (methanol to oil), 56.50% amplitude, and 0.4 s pulses for a reaction time of 5.22 min. Increasing the operating conditions, such as the molar ratio from 4:1 to 5.5:1, amplitude from 50% to 72.5%, reaction time from 3 min to 7 min, and pulse from 0.4 s to 1 s, increased the FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) yield by approximately 4.5%, 2.3%, 1.2%, and 0.5%, respectively. The properties of the TERI (OE) R-983 methyl ester met the requirements of the biodiesel standard (ASTM D6751), indicating the potential of the produced biodiesel as an alternative fuel.

Progress on Modified Calcium Oxide Derived Waste-Shell Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

“…Noteworthy to mention is that, when comparing microwave-and ultrasonication-assisted method, the ultrasound offers a much cheaper process and less extreme physical conditions. Despite the large number of studies that have investigated ultrasonic-assisted biodiesel production [142,156], it appears that there has been no thorough study conducted on the use of ultrasound for improving biodiesel production for scale-up purposes.…”

Biodiesel from waste oil under mild conditions by a combination of calcium‐strontium oxide nanocatalyst and ultrasonic waves

“…1,2 One of the green energies is biodiesel, 3 an alkyl ester, which is a suitable substitute for diesel. 4,5 Biodiesel is a renewable fuel, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and usable in a diesel engine without any alterations. 6 Due to the presence of oxygen in the biodiesel structure, it burns better than diesel.…”

“…In recent decades, the need for green energy has been one of the major concerns of human societies 1,2 . One of the green energies is biodiesel, 3 an alkyl ester, which is a suitable substitute for diesel 4,5 . Biodiesel is a renewable fuel, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and usable in a diesel engine without any alterations 6 .…”

Microwave-assisted synthesis of trimethylolpropane triester (bio-lubricant) from camelina oil

“…Transesterification reaction of TMPTE synthesis is a reversible time-consuming process, which in its progress, is highly dependent on the rate of mass and heat transfer. Therefore, some process intensification techniques are used, such as hydrodynamic cavitation 12 – 15 novel co-solvents 16 and ultrasonic irradiation 17 , 18 . Also, Aziz et al .…”