Optimization of an In Vitro Embryo Rescue Protocol for Breeding Seedless Table Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) in Italy

Giancaspro, Angelica; Mazzeo, Andrea; Carlomagno, Antonio; Gadaleta, Ágata; Somma, Stefano; Ferrara, Giuseppe

doi:10.3390/horticulturae8020121

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, the seedless rates in F1 individuals obtained from CS × SM and CS × HM were 52.7% and 54.5%, respectively, which was basically in accordance with previous reports in seedless × seeded or seedless × seedless crosses [33,34]. The seedless rates in F1 individuals were suggested to be greatly affected by cross combination and the different seedless heritability of the parental genotype, especially the maternal genotype [8]. Therefore, parental varieties with high heritability of the seedless trait should be selected for seedless grape breeding to enhance the seedless rates in progenies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Embryo rescue from stenospermocarpic maternal parents greatly increases the ratio of seedless progenies and shortens the breeding cycle [5,6]. Furthermore, various aspects have been explored to optimize embryo rescue and enhance its efficiency, including parental selection, sampling timing, media composition, culture techniques, and the application of plant growth regulators [7][8][9]. Injury of the embryo during excision or unsuitable growth conditions can result in high proportions of deformed seedlings and limit population sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of In Vitro Embryo Rescue and Development of a Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) Marker Related to Stenospermocarpic Seedlessness in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

Xi,

Gutierrez,

Zha

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Seedlessness is one of the highest valued agronomic traits in grapes. Embryo rescue in combination with marker-assisted selection have been widely applied in seedless grape breeding due to the advantages of increasing the ratio of seedless progenies and shortening the breeding cycle. However, the large number of deformed seedlings produced during embryo rescue and the lack of fast, efficient, and low-cost markers severely inhibit the process of seedless grape breeding. In this study, a total of eighty-three grape cultivars (51 seedless and 32 seeded) with diverse genetic backgrounds and two populations derived from embryo rescue, including 113 F1 hybrid individuals (60 seedless and 53 seeded), were utilized. We screened suitable media for converting malformed seedlings into normal seedlings, analyzed the association between the SNP in VviAGL11 and seeded/seedless phenotype, and developed a KASP marker related to stenospermocarpic seedlessness. Our results indicated that the transformation rate of 37.8% was obtained with MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg·L−1 of 6-BA and 0.5 mg·L−1 of IBA. The presence of an A nucleotide allele at position chr18:26889437 was further confirmed to be fully associated with the stenospermocarpic seedlessness phenotype. The developed KASP marker, based on the verified SNP locus in VviAGL11, successfully distinguished the seedless and seeded genotypes with high precision and throughput. The results will contribute to enhancing the efficiency of embryo rescue and facilitate parent selection and early selection of seedless offspring with molecular markers, thereby accelerating the breeding process in seedless table grapes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of In Vitro Embryo Rescue and Development of a Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) Marker Related to Stenospermocarpic Seedlessness in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

Xi,

Gutierrez,

Zha

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…At the same time, the effect of sampling time on embryo rescue significantly affects the efficiency of embryo rescue, because if the sampling time is not appropriate, the embryo is difficult to save, or even aborted (Xu et al, 2022). Giancaspro et al (2022) studied the optimal rescue time of different parent genotypic combinations. A high level of embryonic development is a necessary condition for efficient ovule formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the relationship between the changes in polyamine content and seedless grapes embryo rescue breeding

Li,

Han

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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This study was envisaged to investigate the physiological reasons affecting the embryo development and abortion of seedless grapes on the basis of the previous embryo rescue breeding techniques of seedless grapes. Specifically, the relationship between the embryo rescue breeding of seedless grapes and the change of polyamine content was evaluated, in order to provide hybrid germplasm in the breeding of new seedless grape cultivars. Four ovules of 4 naturally pollinated Eurasian seedless grape cultivars, including ‘Thompson Seedless’ grape (hereinafter referred to as ‘Seedless White’ grape), ‘Flame Seedless’ grape, ‘Heshi Seedless’ grape and ‘Ruby Seedless’ grape were employed for the study. Changes in the endogenous polyamine content, exogenous polyamine content, and the suitable combination of exogenous polyamines in the seedless grape berries and isolated ovules were determined during the best embryo rescue period. Furthermore, the effect of different exogenous polyamine contents on the germination and seedling rate of different seedless grape embryos was analyzed. In the best embryo rescue period, the number of ovules had different effects on the content of polyamines. For seedless grape cultivars with 4 ovules, a high content of polyamines was found to be more beneficial in the embryonic development. The existence of embryos had different effects on the development of embryos. In the ovules with embryo, an increase in the content of polyamine was beneficial to the growth and development of the ovule. Different ratios of exogenous polyamines had varying effects on the embryonic development. Putrescine (Put) exhibited the greatest effect on the embryonic development. Further, correlation analysis showed that different combinations of exogenous polyamines had varying effects on the embryonic development. A maximal ovule development was observed in the combination of exogenous polyamines of putrescine2+spermidine2+spermine1. For maximal embryo germination and seeding formation, the optimal combination was putrescine2+spermidine2+spermine2. Irrespective to the number of ovules or the existence of embryos, the results indicated that a high content of endogenous polyamines promoted the growth and development of embryos. The embryo rescue efficiency of different exogenous polyamines was different, and the appropriate combination of exogenous polyamines was beneficial to the growth and development of ovules, with a high development rate of the ovule and seedling.

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“…However, achieving optimal conditions is not always possible. In such cases, embryo rescue has been well-documented to increase breeding success in interspecific hybridizations [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction Model for Breeding Hardy Geraniums

et al. 2023

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Key message. The success of interspecific hybridization in hardy geranium (Geranium sp.) can be predicted by considering the genetic distance between parental genotypes and using the logistic regression model developed in this study. Hardy geranium is a popular ornamental plant known for its architecture, hardiness, prolonged flowering, and diverse colors in leaves and flowers. In ornamental breeding, the pursuit of novel trait combinations is never-ending. Even in Geranium, certain combinations of valuable traits have not yet been achieved. Interspecific hybridization can increase diversity; however, success remains low due to pre- and postzygotic barriers. Crossing success can be predicted by response criteria such as pollen tube growth (tube_length), seed development (seed_dev), and seed setting (seed_set). Within a collection of 42 Geranium genotypes and during two consecutive breeding seasons (years), we evaluated tube_length, seed_dev, and seed_set for 150, 1155, and 349 crosses, respectively. These crosses varied in four parental differences (variables): chromosome number (Chrom), DNA/chromosome (DNA), style length (Style), and genetic distance expressed as the Jaccard distance (cJaccard = 1 − Jaccard). Using logistic regression models has confirmed that most often, the success rate decreased with increasing parental distance. The most consistent association was seen in seed_dev in combination with cJaccard. The model was used to predict the number of crosses necessary to have 10 successful crossing products by taking into account the uncertainty in the model. These findings provide valuable guidance for future planning of interspecific breeding experiments in Geranium. By incorporating the genetic distance between parental genotypes, breeders can enhance the efficiency and success of hybridization efforts.

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Optimization of an In Vitro Embryo Rescue Protocol for Breeding Seedless Table Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) in Italy

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Optimization of In Vitro Embryo Rescue and Development of a Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) Marker Related to Stenospermocarpic Seedlessness in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

Optimization of In Vitro Embryo Rescue and Development of a Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) Marker Related to Stenospermocarpic Seedlessness in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

Study on the relationship between the changes in polyamine content and seedless grapes embryo rescue breeding

Prediction Model for Breeding Hardy Geraniums

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