Optimization of a solar collector with evacuated tubes using the simulated annealing and computational fluid dynamics

Energy performance enhancement of a collective hot water production process equipped with a centralized storage tank

“…Moreover, their optimization's results showed that the minimum absorber area has to be 2.49m 2 , besides the internal diameter of the tubes should be increased by 30%, while their length have to be decreased by 40%. To conclude with, Alfaro et al [30] enhanced the thermal yield of ETCs using CFD simulations with a notable decrease in their cost evaluated at 38.9%.…”

“…Consequently, the overall efficiency of the individual SWH system is enhanced. Besides, Alfaro et al [30] conducted CFD simulations to optimize the thermal yield of a commercial solar collector based on the ETC technology. The authors performed 3D CFD simulations, taking into consideration the laminar case and the steady state assumption to design and construct 259 different collector geometries that were simultaneously modeled and assessed.…”

A review on convective heat augmentation techniques in solar thermal collector using nanofluid

“…These intelligent techniques can reduce the effort of the number of experimental runs and hypotheses. Arturo et al [21] performed optimization of evacuated tube solar collectors using a combination of design of experiment simulated annealing method and computational fluid dynamics. Design of experiments and computational fluid dynamics model used to find geometrical and operational parameters, which affect the thermal performance of evacuated tube solar collectors.…”

Entropy Generation and Thermal Analysis of Nanofluid Flow Inside the Evacuated Tube Solar Collector

“…The collector slope, mass ow rate, type of working uids, inlet uid temperature, and geometrical parameters are the most e cacious factors affecting the collector e ciency [10][11][12]. Alfaro-Ayala et al [13] carried out an optimization for WIGETCs with steady-state and laminar regime using the CFD model and the simulated annealing method. With regard to the optimization analysis, the absorber area of the collector's commercial geometry has been 19.4% lower than that of the optimal geometry with a minimum absorber area of approximately 2.5 m 2 .…”

“…,lth}}+{S_{gen,lf}}=\frac{{{k_{nf}}}}{{{T^2}}}\left[ {{{\left( {\frac{{\partial T}}{{\partial x}}} \right)}^2}+{{\left( {\frac{{\partial T}} {{\partial y}}} \right)}^2}+{{\left( {\frac{{\partial T}}{{\partial z}}} \right)}^2}} \right]+\frac{{{\mu _{nf}}}}{T}\left\{ {2\left[ {{{\left( {\frac{{\partial {u_x}}} {{\partial x}}} \right)}^2}+{{\left( {\frac{{\partial {u_y}}}{{\partial y}}} \right)}^2}+{{\left( {\frac{{\partial {u_z}}}{{\partial z}}} \right)}^2}} \right]+{{\left( {\frac{{\partial {u_x}}}{{\partial y}}+\frac{{\partial {u_y}}}{{\partial x}}} \right)}^2}+{{\left( {\frac{{\partial {u_x}}}{{\partial z}}+\frac{{\partial {u_z}}} {{\partial x}}} \right)}^2}+{{\left( {\frac{{\partial {u_y}}}{{\partial z}}+\frac{{\partial {u_z}}}{{\partial y}}} \right)}^2}} \right\}(13) …”