Optimization of a Screening Method for Macroprolactinemia

Yang, Wei; Guo, Zhenzhong; Zhou, Yanping; Du, Jing; Liu, Huibin; Jia, Jing-nian; Shen, Yuhuan; Chen, Yongjian

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122723

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Macro-PRL consists of monomeric PRL complexed with immunoglobulins. Most macro-PRL (87%) is composed of monomeric PRL complexed with IgG ( 3 , 9 , 17 , 18 ). Within this category of PRL-IgG complexes, the majority (67%) involve anti-PRL autoantibodies ( Fig.…”

Section: Macroprolactin Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it has been proposed that PRL autoantibodies present in patients with macroprolactinemia compete with PRL receptors for the binding of free PRL ( 9 ). Furthermore, macro-PRL is largely confined to the vascular space by its high MW and is unable to access target organs, such as the pituitary and hypothalamus ( 2 , 3 , 12 , 18 , 19 ). It is hypothesized that the low rates of oligomenorrhea and galactorrhea experienced by patients with macroprolactinemia are because of temporary dissociation of monomeric PRL from its immunoglobulin and hence a short-term increase in monomeric PRL ( 2 , 19 ).…”

Section: True Hyperprolactinemia and Macroprolactinemia Clinical Pres...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greatest challenge to diagnosing macroprolactinemia is that immunoassays cannot differentiate monomeric PRL from dimeric PRL, macro-PRL, or PRL fragments ( 7 , 8 , 10 , 19 , 22 ). This leads to inappropriate diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia, unnecessary pituitary imaging, and unindicated administration of dopamine agonists ( 7 , 18 , 19 , 22 ). Therefore, when immunoassays detect elevated PRL, it is essential to screen for the presence of macro-PRL ( 19 ).…”

Section: Diagnosing Macroprolactinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PEG dehydrates proteins, decreasing their solubility and leading to precipitation ( 23 ). When exposed to PEG, immunoglobulins become insoluble, which leads to the precipitation of PRL-IgG complexes and decreased levels of PRL in the supernatant ( 3 , 12 , 18 ). To calculate free PRL precipitation with PEG, a serum sample is mixed with 12.5%–25% PEG and then centrifuged, whereas another serum sample is mixed with water and then centrifuged to determine the total PRL concentration ( 9 , 12 ).…”

Section: Diagnosing Macroprolactinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the percent of PEG-precipitated PRL is ≥60%, indicating recovery of monomeric PRL is ≤40%, macroprolactinemia is diagnosed ( 1 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 14 ). The sensitivity and specificity of precipitation with PEG for diagnosing macroprolactinemia are 100% and 94.4%, respectively ( 18 ). When ≤40% recovery of monomeric PRL is used as a cutoff, 3.3% of patients are diagnosed with macroprolactinemia, compared with 8.8% of patients when a cutoff of ≤60% is used ( 19 ).…”

Section: Diagnosing Macroprolactinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroprolactinemia: a mini-review and update on clinical practice

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Section: Macroprolactin Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: True Hyperprolactinemia and Macroprolactinemia Clinical Pres...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosing Macroprolactinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosing Macroprolactinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosing Macroprolactinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroprolactinemia: a mini-review and update on clinical practice

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Recent progress in optical and electrochemical methods-based prolactin immunobiosensors

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Natarajan

et al. 2023

Microchemical Journal

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The research trend of hyperprolactinemia from 2011 to 2023 was analyzed by bibliometrics

Liu,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

J Neuroendocrinology

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The objective of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of research trends in hyperprolactinemia from 2011 to 2023. This analysis aims to provide researchers with insights into the current hotspots and frontiers related to hyperprolactinemia. It is worth noting that there are currently no existing reports on bibliometric analyses of hyperprolactinemia. The Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) and Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) databases of the Web of Science Core Collection were systematically searched for “articles” and “review articles” related to the topic of hyperprolactinemia from 2011 to 2023. VOSviewer was employed to conduct bibliometric analysis, aiming to analyze the research trends in hyperprolactinemia over the past 13 years. A total of 1865 eligible articles were retrieved, with contributions from 9544 scholars representing 83 countries in the field of research. The United States had the highest number of publications, followed by China. The keywords were categorized into six clusters: (1) etiology of hyperprolactinemia and other related endocrine and metabolic diseases. (2) Hyperprolactinemia and mental illness. (3) Diagnosis and management of hyperprolactinemia. (4) Treatment of hyperprolactinemia and prolactinoma. (5) Detection of macroprolactin and macroprolactinemia. (6) Symptoms of male hyperprolactinemia. Over the past 13 years, there has been a consistent and slightly increasing trend in the number of research papers focusing on hyperprolactinemia. The primary areas of research focus are centered around the diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia caused by antipsychotic drugs or prolactinoma.

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Optimization of a Screening Method for Macroprolactinemia

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Macroprolactinemia: a mini-review and update on clinical practice

Macroprolactinemia: a mini-review and update on clinical practice

Recent progress in optical and electrochemical methods-based prolactin immunobiosensors

The research trend of hyperprolactinemia from 2011 to 2023 was analyzed by bibliometrics

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